Tetanus and diphtheria immunity among term and preterm infant-mother pairs in Turkey, a country where maternal and neonatal tetanus have recently been eliminated

Erener-Ercan, Tuğba; Aslan, Mustafa; Vural, Mehmet; Erginöz, Ethem; Kocazeybek, Bekir; Ercan, Gökmen; Turkgeldi, Lale Wetherilt; Perk, Yıldız

doi:10.1007/s00431-014-2400-9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In this study, sero-protection in the pregnant women before vaccination was higher than that reported in other studies whose pregnant women also received the DTwP vaccine during childhood. A study conducted in Turkey, with 91 mother-umbilical cord pairs, detected 50% sero-protection against diphtheria and 58.0% against tetanus in pregnant women not vaccinated with Td [ 23 ]. A study in China, with 194 mother and umbilical cord pairs, showed 44.3% sero-protection of pregnant women against diphtheria, using a sero-protection cut-off point of ≥0.1, while the sero-protection against tetanus was 52.6% (0.01–0.1) and 28.1% (>0.1–1.0) [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful seroconversion against diphtheria and tetanus induced through maternal vaccination in a region of Colombia

Hincapié-Palacio

Echeverri

Hoyos

et al. 2022

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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Purpose This study aims to compare protection against diphtheria and tetanus conferred on the mother and the neonate before and after maternal vaccination against tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), transfer of antibodies, and the variables that could impact on the protection. Materials and Methods The study followed a cohort of 200 pregnant women from a region in Colombia, contacted during prenatal control before vaccination and upon delivery. The work determined immunoglobulin G antibodies against diphtheria and tetanus of pregnant women and umbilical cord. The proportion of protection, the geometric mean of the concentration, and the transfer of maternal antibodies were calculated. The protection profile of the pregnant women was explored by using multiple correspondence analysis. Results The concentration of antibodies against diphtheria was significant before and after vaccination of the pregnant women (p=0.000) with proportions of 85.0% and 97.5%, respectively, and of 98.6% in the umbilical cord, with significant antibody correlation (Spearman’s coefficient=0.668, p=0.01). Sero-protection against tetanus before vaccination was at 71.0%, after at 92.6%, and in the umbilical cord at 95.9%, with significant antibody concentration before and after vaccination (p=0.000) and antibody correlation (Spearman’s coefficient=0.936, p=0.01). Sero-protection was higher when the pregnant women were vaccine 8 to 11 weeks before delivery. Unprotected pregnant women were those not vaccinated during pregnancy. Conclusion The high proportion of protection against diphtheria and tetanus and the placental transfer support the need to promote maternal immunization with Tdap.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful seroconversion against diphtheria and tetanus induced through maternal vaccination in a region of Colombia

Hincapié-Palacio

Echeverri

Hoyos

et al. 2022

Clin Exp Vaccine Res

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“…However, only small amounts of maternal IgG are transferred in the first trimester, with an estimated transplacental transfer of approximately 10% of maternal IgG concentrations by 17–22 weeks gestation (25). The concentration of maternal IgG in infant cord blood reach approximately 50% of the maternal IgG levels by 30 weeks gestation (25) and by 37–40 weeks of gestation, infant cord blood concentrations of maternal IgG often exceed that of maternal serum by the delivery time point in full term, healthy pregnancies (25–28). Thus, while maternal IgG is transferred across the placenta throughout pregnancy, the majority of the transfer occurs in the last trimester of gestation; possibly due to an increase in the surface area of IgG uptake from maternal blood with higher gestational age.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Igg Transplacental Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, IgG subclass responses are distinctly modulated against different antigens (36). For example, the IgG response against polysaccharide antigens such bacterial capsule of Group B streptococcus or Haemophilus influenzae Type B (HiB) is primarily IgG2 subclass whereas the response against tetanus toxoid is predominantly IgG1 (28, 36). In addition to IgG subclass, antibody avidity (37, 38) and Fc region glycosylation profile may influence transplacental transfer (39, 40).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Igg Transplacental Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of IgG Transplacental Transfer on Early Life Immunity

et al. 2018

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Pediatric vaccines have significantly reduced infectious disease-related infant mortality, but as protective immunity often require several infant vaccine doses; maternally-acquired antibodies are critical to protect infants during the first months of life. Consequently, immunization of pregnant women is an important strategy not only to protect mothers from infection, but also to provide immunity to young infants. Nevertheless, maternal immunization can also negatively impact early life immunity. In fact, maternal antibodies can interfere with the development of infant immune responses, though it is unclear if such interference is clinically significant. Moreover, the transplacental transfer of maternal immunoglobulin therapeutics can be harmful to the fetus. Thus, the risk/benefit of maternal immunization for both the mother and the fetus should be carefully weighed. In addition, it is critical to fully understand the mechanisms by which IgG is transferred across the placenta in order to develop optimal maternal and infant immunization strategies.

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“…Maternal protective IgG is transferred from the maternal to the fetal circulatory system via the placenta, and this process begins in the first trimester of pregnancy [ 2 ]. By 37–40 weeks of gestation, maternal passively acquired IgG concentrations in newborns can exceed maternal IgG serum levels in normal pregnancies [ 3 – 7 ]. Yet, the molecular mechanisms of transplacental transfer of maternal IgG remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncanonical placental Fc receptors: What is their role in modulating transplacental transfer of maternal IgG?

Martinez¹,

Fouda²,

Peng³

et al. 2018

PLoS Pathog

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Tetanus and diphtheria immunity among term and preterm infant-mother pairs in Turkey, a country where maternal and neonatal tetanus have recently been eliminated

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Successful seroconversion against diphtheria and tetanus induced through maternal vaccination in a region of Colombia

Successful seroconversion against diphtheria and tetanus induced through maternal vaccination in a region of Colombia

The Impact of IgG Transplacental Transfer on Early Life Immunity

Noncanonical placental Fc receptors: What is their role in modulating transplacental transfer of maternal IgG?

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