Tetraethylammonium effects on cochlear potentials in the guinea pig

Emst, Maarten G. van; Klis, Sjaak F.L.; Smoorenburg, Guido F.

doi:10.1016/0378-5955(95)00095-l

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Early work suggested outer hair cell sources predominate (Dallos and Cheatham, 1976) but later studies that removed inner hair cells in chinchillas showed a large effect on the CM (Zheng et al, 1997; Durrant et al, 1998). Furthermore, animal work in gerbils using the neurotoxin kainic acid recently showed a neural contribution to the SP (Forgues et al, 2014), which had also been reported previously using other species and compounds for blocking neural activity (van Emst et al, 1995; Sellick et al, 2003). In addition to the complexity of sources, the geometry between sources and recording sites will affect the polarity of the SP, contributing to complex changes across frequency and intensity as sites of generation within the cochlea shift.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…These include the asymmetry in hair cell transduction, which is likely to different between inner and outer hair cells, which also differ in their membrane properties (Kros, 2007). The auditory nerve has also been shown to contribute to the SP in several studies (van Emst et al, 1995; Sellick et al, 2003; Forgues et al, 2014). For the auditory nerve, the DC is unlikely to be due to timing in PST, which, unlike the CAP and ANN is asynchronous to high frequencies and intensities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects

et al. 2017

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Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is characterized by an apparent discrepancy between measures of cochlear and neural function based on auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. Clinical indicators of ANSD are a present cochlear microphonic (CM) with small or absent wave V. Many identified ANSD patients have speech impairment severe enough that cochlear implantation (CI) is indicated. To better understand the cochleae identified with ANSD that lead to a CI, we performed intraoperative round window electrocochleography (ECochG) to tone bursts in children (n = 167) and adults (n = 163). Magnitudes of the responses to tones of different frequencies were summed to measure the “total response” (ECochG-TR), a metric often dominated by hair cell activity, and auditory nerve activity was estimated visually from the compound action potential (CAP) and auditory nerve neurophonic (ANN) as a ranked “Nerve Score”. Subjects identified as ANSD (45 ears in children, 3 in adults) had higher values of ECochG-TR than adult and pediatric subjects also receiving CIs not identified as ANSD. However, nerve scores of the ANSD group were similar to the other cohorts, although dominated by the ANN to low frequencies more than in the non-ANSD groups. To high frequencies, the common morphology of ANSD cases was a large CM and summating potential, and small or absent CAP. Common morphologies in other groups were either only a CM, or a combination of CM and CAP. These results indicate that responses to high frequencies, derived primarily from hair cells, are the main source of the CM used to evaluate ANSD in the clinical setting. However, the clinical tests do not capture the wide range of neural activity seen to low frequency sounds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects

et al. 2017

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“…The auditory nerve neurophonic (ANN) and the compound action potential represent neural responses. The summating potential is most likely a signal consisting of hair cell as well as neural components Sellick et al, 2003;van Emst et al, 1995]. The portion of the ECoG signal which occurs after the compound action potential and lasts for the duration of the acoustic stimulus is called the ongoing ECoG response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extra- and Intracochlear Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implant Recipients

et al. 2015

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dle ear effusion, led to a decrease in intracochlear ECoG signal amplitudes. This was not attributable to changes of cochlear function. All persistent reductions in ECoG response magnitude after normalization of the tympanogram occurred during the first week following implantation. Thresholds of ECoG signals were at or below hearing thresholds in all cases. Conclusion: Gross intracochlear trauma during surgery appears to be rare. In the early postoperative phase the ability to assess cochlear status by ECoG recordings was limited due to the regular occurrence of middle ear effusion. Still, intracochlear ECoG along with tympanogram recordings suggests that any changes of low-frequency cochlear function occur mainly during the first week after cochlear implantation. ECoG seems to be a promising tool to objectively assess changes in cochlear function in cochlear implant recipients and may allow further insight into the mechanisms underlying the loss of residual hearing.

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“…On the other hand, relatively recent studies ͑Durrant et van Emst et al, 1995van Emst et al, , 1996van Emst et al, , 1997Zheng et al, 1997͒ have focused on the role of the IHCs in the SP production. Although they used different species as experimental subjects, their results may provide an implication for the origin of the SP.…”

Section: Source: Ohc or Ihc Transducer?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing a cochlear transducer function from the summating potential using a low-frequency bias tone

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Chertoff

Bian

et al. 2004

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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A new method is developed to construct a cochlear transducer function using modulation of the summating potential (SP), a dc component of the electrical response of the cochlea to a sinusoid. It is mathematically shown that the magnitude of the SP is determined by the even-order terms of the power series representing a nonlinear function. The relationship between the SP magnitudes and the second derivative of the transducer function was determined by using a low-frequency bias tone to position a high-frequency probe tone at different places along the cochlear transducer function. Two probe tones (6 kHz and 12 kHz) ranging from 70 to 90 dB SPL and a 25-Hz bias tone at 130 dB SPL were simultaneously presented. Electric responses from the cochlea were recorded by an electrode placed at the round window to obtain the SP magnitudes. The experimental results from eight animals demonstrated that the SP magnitudes as a function of bias levels are essentially proportional to the second derivative of a sigmoidal Boltzmann function. This suggests that the low-frequency modulated SP amplitude can be used to construct a cochlear transducer function.

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Tetraethylammonium effects on cochlear potentials in the guinea pig

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects

Intraoperative Electrocochleographic Characteristics of Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder in Cochlear Implant Subjects

Extra- and Intracochlear Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implant Recipients

Constructing a cochlear transducer function from the summating potential using a low-frequency bias tone

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