Tetrahedral amorphous carbon prepared filter cathodic vacuum arc for hole transport layers in perovskite solar cells and quantum dots LEDs

Abstract

ta-C) films coated through the filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) process as a hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QDLEDs). The p-type ta-C film has several remarkable features, including ease of fabrication without the need for thermal annealing, reasonable electrical conductivity, optical transmittance, and a high work function. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy examinations show that the electrical properties (sp 3 /sp 2 hybridized bond) and work function of the ta-C HTL are appropriate for PSCs and QDLEDs. In addition, in order to correlate the performance of the devices, the optical, surface morphological, and structural properties of the FCVA-grown ta-C films with different thicknesses (5~20 nm) deposited on the ITO anode are investigated in detail. The optimized ta-C film with a thickness of 5 nm deposited on the ITO anode had a sheet resistance of 10.33 Ω −2 , a resistivity of 1.34 × 10 −4 Ω cm, and an optical transmittance of 88.97%. Compared to the reference PSC with p-NiO HTL, the PSC with 5 nm thick ta-C HTL yielded a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE, 10.53%) due to its improved fill factor. Further, the performance of QDLEDs with 5 nm thick ta-C hole injection layers (HIL) showed better than the performance of QDLEDs with different ta-C thicknesses. It is concluded that ta-C films have the potential to serve as HTL and HIL in next-generation PSCs and QDLEDs. ARTICLE HISTORY

Thermally-evaporated C60/Ag/C60 multilayer electrodes for semi-transparent perovskite photovoltaics and thin film heaters

“…Since the electrical and optical characteristics of the transparent electrodes significantly affect the performance of the TFHs, such as the thermal response time and saturation temperature, it is essential to ensure high-performance transparent and flexible electrodes [1,16]. Various types of TCEs, including metal grid films, metal nanowires, conducting polymer, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have been commonly used in photovoltaics, TFHs, and optoelectronic devices [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. However, unlike sputtered TCO cathodes, solutionprocessed or transferred TCE electrodes cannot be applied to fabricate large functional windows due to their complicated processes and difficulty in coating a large area.…”