Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis of lignin: Improvement of the distribution profile of products derived from β-aryl ether subunits

Kuroda, Ken Ichi; Nakagawa-Izumi, Akiko

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2005.04.011

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Polar pyrolysis products of wood, such as vanillic acid, which are significant in evaluating the extent of oxidation of lignin, are not detected in GC without derivatisation. Although TMAH has been occasionally used for the characterization of wood and its components [92,93] , it is not the ideal reagent because the methylation of phenolic groups makes them indistinguishable from methoxylic groups, unless isotopically labelled reagents are used. Thus, the use of silylating reagents for in situ derivatisation reactions is preferred in the Py-GC/MS analysis of wood [85,94].…”

Section: Organic Materials In Archaeological Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Approaches Based on Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to Study Organic Materials in Artworks and Archaeological Objects

et al. 2016

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Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), after appropriate wet chemical sample pre-treatments or pyrolysis, is one of the most commonly adopted analytical techniques in the study of organic materials from cultural heritage objects. Organic materials in archaeological contexts, in classical art objects, or in modern and contemporary works of art may be the same or belong to the same classes, but can also vary considerably, often presenting different ageing pathways and chemical environments. This paper provides an overview of the literature published in the last 10 years on the research based on the use of GC/MS for the analysis of organic materials in artworks and archaeological objects. The latest progresses in advancing analytical approaches, characterising materials and understanding their degradation, and developing methods for monitoring their stability are discussed. Case studies from the literature are presented to examine how the choice of the working conditions and the analytical approaches is driven by the analytical and technical question to be answered, as well as the nature of the object from which the samples are collected.

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Section: Organic Materials In Archaeological Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Approaches Based on Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to Study Organic Materials in Artworks and Archaeological Objects

et al. 2016

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“…Kuroda et al [80][81][82][83][84][85] applied thermochemolysis-TMAH to investigate comprehensively the lignin structural network based on the unique chemical bonds between subunits. A study on ␤-5 subunit behavior of lignin model compounds showed that synthetic lignins contain high amounts of terminal ␤-5 substructures while cedar softwood lignin has only small amounts of the terminal ␤-5 substructures [83].…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on ␤-5 subunit behavior of lignin model compounds showed that synthetic lignins contain high amounts of terminal ␤-5 substructures while cedar softwood lignin has only small amounts of the terminal ␤-5 substructures [83]. A study on thermochemolysis-TMAH of softwood lignin suggested that 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethene and 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,3,-trimethoxypropane are produced from ␤-aryl ether subunits [84]. In this work a combination of derivatization methods (i.e.…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Shadkami

Helleur

2010

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…Thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM) has been successfully used for the characterization of lignins 4, 17–22. THM is essentially a form of pyrolysis in the presence of a strong methyl donor, such as tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may possibly be used as fingerprints of lignins. Chemometric tools, such as principal component analysis may allow classification of the samples 4, 17–22. The separation of the derived fragments can be improved by analyzing the complex lignin samples by THM in combination with comprehensive two‐dimensional GC (GC×GC) 23.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of comprehensive on‐line liquid chromatography thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for characterization of sulfonated lignins

Brudin

Kaal

Janssen

et al. 2010

J of Separation Science

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Sulfonated lignins, used as dispersants in agrochemical formulations, have been characterized by hyphenation of ion-pair RPLC and thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation-GC-MC (THM-GC-MS). The chemical structure of a series of selected lignins was evaluated, both in terms of overall composition and in terms of composition as a function of molecular size. Some sulfonated lignins give rise to unstable formulations. In the compositional analysis, these samples were found to yield additional fragments. A newly developed comprehensive method made it possible to monitor the occurrence of these fragments as a function of molecular size. In addition to differences in the molecular size between "good" and "bad" batches, clear differences in chemical composition were established.

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Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis of lignin: Improvement of the distribution profile of products derived from β-aryl ether subunits

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Analytical Approaches Based on Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to Study Organic Materials in Artworks and Archaeological Objects

Analytical Approaches Based on Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to Study Organic Materials in Artworks and Archaeological Objects

Recent applications in analytical thermochemolysis

Evaluation of comprehensive on‐line liquid chromatography thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for characterization of sulfonated lignins

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