Tetratrichomonas spp. and Pentatrichomonas hominis are not persistently detectable after intravaginal inoculation of estrous heifers

Cobo, Eduardo R.; Corbeil, Lynette B.; Agnew, Dalen; VanHoosear, Karen; Friend, Alexander L.; Olesen, Dorthe R.; Bondurant, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.09.007

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…in the genito-urinary tract of cattle (Cobo et al 2004(Cobo et al , 2007Dufernez et al 2007;Agnew et al 2008;Huby-Chilton et al 2009). in the genito-urinary tract of cattle (Cobo et al 2004(Cobo et al , 2007Dufernez et al 2007;Agnew et al 2008;Huby-Chilton et al 2009).…”

Section: Tritrichomonas Foetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In bulls, infections are usually chronic and asymptomatic (Mardones et al 2008) and spontaneous recoveries are rare (Levine, 1985). There is no legal treatment for bovine trichomoniasis in several countries and as a result infected bulls are often slaughtered (Cobo et al 2004, 2007; Agnew et al 2008). Infected cows will experience vaginitis which may or may not resolve spontaneously.…”

Section: The Life Cycles Of Histomonas Parahistomonas and Tritrichommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnosis of bovine trichomoniasis is often complicated by the presence of non-pathogenic T. foetus -like organisms (namely, Pentatrichomonas hominis and Tetratrichomonas spp .) in the genito-urinary tract of cattle (Cobo et al 2004, 2007; Dufernez et al 2007; Agnew et al 2008; Huby-Chilton et al 2009). It is postulated that the presence of these non-pathogenic organisms is most likely due to sodomy practiced amongst young bulls (BonDurant et al 1999; Cobo et al 2003, 2004).…”

Section: The Life Cycles Of Histomonas Parahistomonas and Tritrichommentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

et al. 2011

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Dientamoeba fragilis is an inhabitant of the human bowel and is associated with gastrointestinal illness. Despite its discovery over a century ago, the details of Dientamoeba's life cycle are unclear and its mode of transmission is unknown. Several theories exist which attempt to explain how Dientamoeba may be transmitted. One theory suggests that animals are responsible for the transmission of Dientamoeba. However, reports of Dientamoeba in animals are sporadic and most are not supported by molecular evidence. Another theory suggests that Dientamoeba may be transmitted via the ova of a helminth. Given that the closest relative of Dientamoeba is transmitted via the ova of a helminth, this theory seems plausible. It has also been suggested that Dientamoeba could be transmitted directly between humans. This theory also seems plausible given that other relatives of Dientamoeba are transmitted in this way. Despite numerous investigations, Dientamoeba's mode of transmission remains unknown. This review discusses the strengths and weaknesses of theories relating to Dientamoeba's mode of transmission and, by doing so, indicates where gaps in current knowledge exist. Where information is lacking, suggestions are made as to how future research could improve our knowledge on the life cycle of Dientamoeba.

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Section: Tritrichomonas Foetusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Life Cycles Of Histomonas Parahistomonas and Tritrichommentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Life Cycles Of Histomonas Parahistomonas and Tritrichommentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ambiguous life ofDientamoeba fragilis: the need to investigate current hypotheses on transmission

et al. 2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During experimental inoculation of Tetratrichomonas preputial isolates in the cattle UGT, results have ranged from no persistence (Cobo et al ., 2004 ) to sporadic re-detection up to 2 weeks after inoculation in mature bulls (Cobo et al ., 2007 b ) and no persistence beyond 6 h in young heifers (Cobo et al ., 2004 , 2007 a ). Pentatrichomonas hominis derived from the cattle gut also failed to persist in the UGT of heifers (Cobo et al ., 2007 a ). Variation in results is likely due to strain and host differences, however failure of preputial Tetratrichomonas to regularly establish colonization during experimental infection (Cobo et al ., 2004 , 2007 a , 2007 b ) provides strong evidence for the sporadic origin hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%