Textile-Based 3D Truss Reinforcement for Cement-Based Composites Subjected to Impact Loading Part I: Development of Reinforcing Structure and Composite Characterization

Abstract

Concrete is extremely vulnerable against impact loading due to its low tensile strength and pronounced brittleness. The application of thin strengthening layers, containing Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) and Strain-Hardening Cement-based Composites (SHCCs) in a ductile cement-based composite, is a promising solution to enhance the impact resistance of existing concrete structures. Three-dimensional (3D) textile structures exhibit numerous advantages over two-dimensional (2D) ones, most importantly higher shear, bending and energy absorption capacity, hence, appear to be instrumental in providing sufficient reinforcement to the target strengthening layers. However, design variability and optimization possibility of available 3D textile reinforcement are restricted. This paper presents the development of novel textile-based 3D truss reinforcement that can overcome these limitations. On the basis of woven 3D cellular structures, innovative pyramidal 3D truss reinforcement with favorable load-bearing capacity as well as notable energy absorption capability is developed and successfully realized. To investigate the feasibility and efficacy, cement-based composite consisting SHCC and newly developed pyramidal 3D truss reinforcement is prepared and tested under high-speed tensile loading as well as transversal impact loading. The experimental results show that woven 3D truss reinforcement is highly compatible with SHCC, and significantly enhances its impact resistance. Furthermore, SHCC reinforced with novel pyramidal 3D truss structure remarkably outperforms that with 2D carbon reinforcing structure approved for commercial use.

Lightweight panels with high delamination resistance made of integrally woven truss-like fabric structures

“…Particularly regarding critical shear stresses but also high bending loads, they exhibit excellent deformation tolerance, while delamination of the layers is completely avoided compared with the state of the art. The deformation tolerance also reflects a high achievable deformation work and thus a high suitability for energy absorption in crash applications, as already demonstrated in the research work of Vo 38 using related fabric structures. Conventional fiber and matrix materials can be used to manufacture the TWFs, or compatible substitute materials from renewable and sustainable sources in the future.…”

Mineral-bonded composites for enhanced structural impact safety: The vision of the DFG GRK 2250

“…For example, three-dimensional (3D) cellular textiles have been specifically conceptualised to be applied onto the impact side of concrete members. Indeed, the optimised topology of 3D textiles counting on a truss-like architecture warrants to effectively withstand highly concentrated shear forces induced by projectiles on the impact side of target concrete members [9]. Conversely, two-dimensional (2D) textiles in combination with SHCC placed as additional reinforcement on the rear side of impacted members can exert an exceptional retention action, preventing massive scabbing from the substrate.…”