Textile-Based Batteryless Moisture Sensor

Chen, Xiaochen; He, Han; Khan, Zahangir; Sydänheimo, Lauri; Ukkonen, Leena; Virkki, Johanna

doi:10.1109/lawp.2019.2957879

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As the antenna aperture is a direct function of an electrically-small antenna’s size [ 36 ], both the tag’s read-range and the antenna’s read range need to be considered. To evaluate the performance of the proposed tag antenna, and compare it to commercially available UHF RFID tags and antennas reported in References [ 14 , 16 , 27 , 37 ], a Figure of Merit (FoM) is defined in ( 6 ) as a function of the read-range R in m normalized to the antenna’s area A in m

. This FoM is defined as it is directly linked to the antenna’s aperture efficiency.…”

Section: Rfid Tag Testing and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a more complex RFID design such as the 3D printed cavity resonator in Reference [ 27 ] can achieve a higher read-range of up to 26 m, it occupies a significantly larger area and is non-planar, making it unsuitable for e-textile applications. Furthermore, the proposed thin polyimide filament allows seamless integration of the antenna in textiles without affecting the user’s comfort, where other textile antennas [ 14 , 16 , 37 ] utilize thick embroidered conductors or e-textiles which affect the fabric’s appearance and the user’s comfort. The method for weaving the antenna filmanet into the textile has been previously reported in References [ 2 , 28 ].…”

Section: Rfid Tag Testing and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RF e-textiles and wearable antennas have been widely researched for various applications [11]. Textile and flexible antennas for Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) RF Identification (RFID) [12][13][14][15][16][17], 2.4 GHz Body Area Networks (BAN) antennas based on dispenser and inkjet printing [18][19][20] as well as photolithography [21], in addition to 5G millimeter-wave applications from 24 GHz up to 60 GHz [22][23][24] have been previously presented. Furthermore, such Electromagnetic (EM) systems operating in vicinity of the body need to be compliant with the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) regulations [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliable UHF Long-Range Textile-Integrated RFID Tag Based on a Compact Flexible Antenna Filament

Wagih

Wei

Komolafe

et al. 2020

Sensors

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This paper details the design, fabrication and testing of flexible textile-concealed Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags for wearable applications in a smart city/smart building environment. The proposed tag designs aim to reduce the overall footprint, enabling textile integration whilst maintaining the read range. The proposed RFID filament is less than 3.5 mm in width and 100 mm in length. The tag is based on an electrically small (0.0033 λ 2 ) high-impedance planar dipole antenna with a tuning loop, maintaining a reflection coefficient less than −21 dB at 915 MHz, when matched to a commercial RFID chip mounted alongside the antenna. The antenna strip and the RFID chip are then encapsulated and integrated in a standard woven textile for wearable applications. The flexible antenna filament demonstrates a 1.8 dBi gain which shows a close agreement with the analytically calculated and numerically simulated gains. The range of the fabricated tags has been measured and a maximum read range of 8.2 m was recorded at 868 MHz Moreover, the tag’s maximum calculated range at 915 MHz is 18 m, which is much longer than the commercially available laundry tags of larger length and width, such as Invengo RFID tags. The reliability of the proposed RFID tags has been investigated using a series of tests replicating textile-based use case scenarios which demonstrates its suitability for practical deployment. Washing tests have shown that the textile-integrated encapsulated tags can be read after over 32 washing cycles, and that multiple tags can be read simultaneously while being washed.

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. This FoM is defined as it is directly linked to the antenna’s aperture efficiency.…”

Section: Rfid Tag Testing and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rfid Tag Testing and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reliable UHF Long-Range Textile-Integrated RFID Tag Based on a Compact Flexible Antenna Filament

Wagih

Wei

Komolafe

et al. 2020

Sensors

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show abstract

“…[65]); (e) environment-based textile UHF-RFID moisture sensor for environment humility detection, with a humility sensitive UHF-RFID antenna (adapted from ref. [70]); (f) health-care-based textile UHF-RFID sweat sensor for sweat rate measurements, with a tag as the sensing part made by screen printing technique (adapted from ref. [6]); (g) health-care-based textile UHF-RFID biosignal pressure sensors for infant heart monitoring, integrated with a modular software framework for interrogation, data storage and post-processing [7,8]); (h) health-care-based textile UHF-RFID accelerometer sensor for alerting on hospitalized patient bed exits with a superlow resolution (adapted from ref.…”

Section: State-of-the-art Of Textile Uhf-rfid Sensors Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with the textile UHF-RFID moisture sensor mentioned in Figure 7 d, another example of textile UHF-RFID moisture sensors is shown in Figure 7 e [ 70 ], which is only a textile UHF-RFID tag with moisture sensor functionality. In this work, textile UHF-RFID sensors could curve automatically and permanently after being dipped into the water due to the special material, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).…”

Section: Development Of Textile Uhf-rfid Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Textile UHF-RFID Sensors: A Systematic Review

2020

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Textile radio-frequency identification operating in ultra-high frequency (UHF-RFID) sensors based on different scenarios are becoming attractive with the forthcoming internet of things (IoT) era and aging society. Compared with conventional UHF-RFID sensors, textile UHF-RFID sensors offer the common textile features, light weight, washability and comfort. Due to the short time and low level of development, researches on the integration of textile UHF-RFID techniques and textile sensing techniques are not flourishing. This paper is motivated by this situation to identify the current research status. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of the fundamentals of textile UHF-RFID sensors techniques, materials, the brief history and the state-of-the-art of the scenario-based development through detailed summary and analysis on the achievements from the starting year of 2004 to the present time. Moreover, according to the analysis, we give a proposal of the future prospects in several aspects, including the new materials and manufacturing processes, machine learning technology, scenario-based applications and unavoidable reliability.

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