Th2 Responses Elicited by Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to House Dust Mite Extract

Abstract

ObjectivesRespiratory epithelial cells are the first site of interaction of allergens with the immune system. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of epithelial cells, which were stimulated with house dust mite (HDM) extracts, on the immune response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).MethodsPrimary nasal polyp epithelial cells were exposed to dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farina for 48 hr, and then the supernatant and cells were collected. After stimulation with HDM extract, the epithelial cells were co-cultured with PBMCs for 72 hr and then the supernatant was collected. We measured the interleukin (IL)-8 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor to determine the activation of the epithelial cells. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-5 and interferon-γ were measured to evaluate the interaction between the epithelial cells and the PBMCs. The mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was assessed using the anti-ICAM-1 antibody.ResultsThe HDM extracts activated the nasal epithelial cells and enhanced the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA and cell membrane ICAM-1. When the activated epithelial cells were co-cultured with PBMCs, the PBMCs produced lager amounts of TNF-α and IL-5. However the cytokine production was not inhibited by pretreatment with ICAM-1 antibody.ConclusionHDM allergens induce allergic inflammation by activating nasal epithelial cells, yet the interaction of the epitheila cells and the PBMCs may not be associated with an ICAM-1 medicated mechanism.

8-Oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase 1 deficiency modifies allergic airway inflammation by regulating STAT6 and IL-4 in cells and in mice

“…Der p1 contains cysteine protease activity, which causes cytokine release, facilitates allergen translocation across epithelial cell layers (63), and increases neutrophil ROS levels (48). A recent study reported that HDM induced proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 in a dose- and time-dependent manner (64). Our study demonstrated a similar cytokine profile, namely induction of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-17 in MLE-12 cells.…”

The Role of the House Dust Mite-Induced Innate Immunity in Development of Allergic Response

“…HDM extracts were shown not only to induce increases in the permeability of bronchial mucosa but also to trigger the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, GM-CSF and IL-1β in activated airway epithelial cells [23,24,25,26,27]. Both events were largely dependent on protease activity of HDM extracts.…”

The effect of nano-silver on the activation of nasal polyp epithelial cells by Alternaria, Der P1 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B

“…The resulting hydration of the inhalated HDMs triggers the rapid and total discharge of major allergenic proteins and Der P1 is a major allergen of HDM. Nasal epithelial cells produced larger amounts of IL-8 and GM-CSF with HDM extracts [14]. The nasal cavity is the most common site for Staphylococcus aureus colonization and their enterotoxins act as superantigens due to their ability to bind MHC class II molecules and directly activate the nasal epithelial cells [15].…”