The "1958 He scale of temperatures" :

Brickwedde, F. G.; Dijk, H. van; Durieux, M.; Clément, J; Logan, J. K.

doi:10.6028/nbs.mono.10

Cited by 32 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Figure 1 and table 1 of Part II [6] show the deviations of the observed da ta from the final scale as T 62 (P 3) -T 5s(P 4)' The symbol T 62 is the temperature on t.he 1962 He 3 Scale corresponding to a He 3 vapor pressure, P 3, while T 58 is the tempera ture on the 1958 He 4 Scale [2] corresponding to the experimentally determined isothermal He 4 vapor pressure, P 4 • The standard deviation of the data from the scale is 0.25 mdeg and the maximum deviation over the full range is 0.6 mdeg. The data may not scat,ter completely randomly.…”

Section: Fit Of the Input 1961 Las L Va P Or-pressure Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rence a prediction interval for F . (P 3, T ) can be expressed as an equiva-568 lent prediction interval in P 3 by neglecting the contribution of possible errors in the other termR on the right hand side of eq (2).…”

Section: Fit Of the Experimental Thermodynamic Equation (Ete) Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mood [5 3] has given an equation for the prediction interval for a single prediction of F x (P3,T) from eq (1) [or any value of T. The ETE Scale is just t he set of P 3 values obtained by solving eq (2) for In P 3 at any given temperature using the predicted value of F X (P 3 ,T). Rence a prediction interval for F .…”

Section: Fit Of the Experimental Thermodynamic Equation (Ete) Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The li e' curvc IS the d ,O erencc between the T UJa Sca le [25] a nd t he 1958 11 04 Scale g ive n in Lable 6 of ref [2], It was mL(' n~cd in their deri vations that. t.he ' T L Sca le would re produce t he T L55 Sca le, a nd tl1at the 1962 I Le' Sca le would reprod uce i he 1958 li e' Scale.…”

Section: The I Le3 Cu Rve Tl (P ) -T (P )mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The 1962 He3 scale of temperatures. III. Evaluation and status

Roberts

Sherman

Sydoriak

1964

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A.

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In this third paper: the 1962 11e3 Scale of T emperatures is evaluated both as to its pre cision a nd its devi ation s from the thermodynamic K elvin Scale. Variou s ther modynamic quantities of If e3 con sistent with the 1962 11 e 3 Scale are derived and listed. The correct ion to a n observed vapor pressure for small amounts of 11e' is di scussed a nd tabulated . A descrip tion is given of the method of m llitiple variable least squares an alys is used for d eriving the final scale equ at ion and for re-analys is of isotherm dat a . F inally the present status of the 1962 IIe 3 Scale is discussed a long wit h som e con sideration s for the future. One factor in evaluating the 1962 H e 3 Scale is the fit of the input vapor-pressure data of Part I [46] to the Scale. Figure 1 and table 1 of Part II [6] show the deviations of the observed da ta from the final scale as T 62 (P 3) -T 5s(P 4)' The symbol T 62 is the temperature on t.he 1962 He 3 Scale corresponding to a He 3 vapor pressure, P 3, while T 58 is the tempera ture on the 1958 He 4 Scale [2] corresponding to the experimentally determined isothermal He 4 vapor pressure, P 4 • The standard deviation of the data from the scale is 0.25 mdeg and the maximum deviation over the full range is 0.6 mdeg. The data may not scat,ter completely randomly. For example, the data points just below 2 O K are all b elow the 1958 He 4 Scale and the point.s just above 2 O K are all above the 1958 He 4 Scale. H ence, if one wished to obtain the vapor pressure of H e 3 which is most probably isothermal with a given H e 4 vapor pressure, ;t slightly better value (in terms of consistency with the observed data) may be obtained by drawing a smooth curve through these data points or by using direct interpolation equations as discussed in Part I. However, the overall fit of the Scale to the inpu t data is very satisfactory in comparison with the errors of measurement of the two vapor pressures.I Much of the maierial in this paper III has been included ill a review chapter [52] on the development of ih e seale., IYork performed und er ihe auspices of t he U. S. Atomic Energy Commission . 567 Fit of the Experimental Thermodynamic Equation (ETE) ScaleBelow 0.9 O K the 1962 He 3 Scale was evaluated by examining its fit to the ETE Scale described in Part II. The ETE Scale is defined by a linear equation fitted to an empirical function, FX(P3,T), of H e 3 vapor pressure and temperature,As shown by the full line curve in figure 1 of P art II, temperatures calculated from eq (1) are in good agreement with the 1962 He 3 Scale; nowhere b elow 2 O K do the scales differ by more than 0.4 mdeg. the 1962 He 3 Scale, defined by eq (9b) of P art II, is therefore in effect an ETE scale from 0.2 to 2° and an empirical scale above 2 O K.The effect of possible errors in the various terms of the equation for the ETE scale, over the temperature range from 0.2 to 1.0 O K, should also be considered in evaluating the 1962 H e 3 Scale. The ETE scale was obtained from a least squares fit of the H e 3 -H e 4 vap...

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Section: Fit Of the Input 1961 Las L Va P Or-pressure Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fit Of the Experimental Thermodynamic Equation (Ete) Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fit Of the Experimental Thermodynamic Equation (Ete) Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The I Le3 Cu Rve Tl (P ) -T (P )mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The 1962 He3 scale of temperatures. III. Evaluation and status

Roberts

Sherman

Sydoriak

1964

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A.

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“…Sin ce th e s urface gradie nt is depe nd e nt upon th e De war e vaporatio n rate , a nd perhaps the Dewar geo me try also, it is esse nti al th at a _ helium vapor press ure bulb and th e resis tors be loca ted within th e liquid he lium bulk . (From th e vapor press ure de termination and the " 1958 H e 4 Scale of Temperature" [19], a temperature can be ascertained. )…”

Section: Determination Of a Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproducibility of germanium resistance thermometers at 4.2 °K

Edlow¹,

Plumb²

1966

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. C. ENG. INSTR.

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NBS has needed a set of very reproducible ge rmanium res is tors t.h a t would be c apab le of maintaining temperat ure scales. This paper desc ribes our p roce dure for se lec tin g s uc h a se t.A group of germani um resistors from thre e co mm er cial so urces hav e bee n the rmally c yc le d betwee n 4.2 oK and room temperature. The res istance-te mp e rature calib ration s a t 4.2 oK we re mad e with reference to a liquid helium bath so that reproducib le te mp e ratures c ou ld be d e te rmin ed froill liquid he lium vapor press ure meas ure me nt s. Seven res is tors out of 25 de mon s trat ed rep rodu c ibiliti es (o f th e 4.2 oK calibration) of about 0.001 oK aft e r und e rgoing th e multipl e c yc ljn gs. Guid e d by th ese res ults, we procu red tw e lv e, ne w, s imilar res istors whi c h were cyc led in a co mpa rab le procedure .After 85 cyc les, in whi c h 14 resis tance-te mp erature c ali brations we re pe rform e d at 4.2 oK for e ac h res is tor, 10 of th e 12 res is tors de mon strat e d rep rodu c ibiliti es of ap lJrox im a te ly 0.001 oK.Th e res ulting set of seco nd a ry th erm ometers have und ergo ne calibrati ons in th e te mp e rature ra nges, 2 105 OK a nd 2 to 20 OK ; re port s of thi s work will b e publi s he d in th e nea r future.Key Word s: Ge rm a nium res istors, ge rmanium res is tor rep rodu c ibility , low temperature th ermometry, re produ c ibilit y of ge rm a nium res is tors, th e rmal cycling at low temperature , I he rmom e t ry.

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Platinum Resistance Thermometry

Nicholas

White

2001

Traceable Temperatures

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The "1958 He scale of temperatures" :

Cited by 32 publications

References 5 publications

The 1962 He3 scale of temperatures. III. Evaluation and status

The 1962 He3 scale of temperatures. III. Evaluation and status

Reproducibility of germanium resistance thermometers at 4.2 °K

Platinum Resistance Thermometry

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