The 1BL/1RS chromosome translocation effect on yield characteristics in a Triticum aestivum L. cross

Abstract

Comparisons involving 28 random F2-derived F5 wheat {Triticum aestivum L.) lines from the cross, 'Nacozari'/'Seri 82', suggested that advanced derivatives with the 1BL/1RS chromosome translocation possess superior agronomic performance in both full and reduced irrigation conditions when compared with IB derivatives. This performance advantage was attributed to high grain yield, above-ground biomass at maturity, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and test weight. The lBL/lRS hnes were shorter with delayed flowering and maturity. The superiority of the lBL/lRS translocation group on grains/m^ was expressed only under the full irrigation environment. Higher harvest index, longer spike-length and grain-filling period were detected only under reduced irrigation conditions. A significant grain yield relationship with test weight was detected only among the lBL/lRS genotypes, indicating that they possess heavier and plumper grains than the IB genotypes.Key words: Secale cereale -Triticum translocation -yield components aestivum -1 BL/1 RS The lBL/lRS chromosome translocation containing the IRS arm from rye has been incorporated globally into many hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; 2n = 6X = 42; AABBDD) cultivars (Jahan et al. 1990, Lukaszewski 1990, Mettin et al. 1973, Zeller 1973, and to a limited extent in durum wheat {T. turgidum L.) 2n = 4X = 28, AABB (Friebe et al. 1987). In addition to protection of high-yield potential by resistance genes on the rye arm (McIntosh 1983), some researchers have perceived a yield increase associated with the lBL/lRS translocation (Rajaram et al. 1983).1 rials conducted in Mexico comparing 10 high-yielding spring wheats, five with the 1BL/1 RS translocation, and five with the normal IB chromosome, demonstrated that genotypes with the lBL/lRS chromosome translocation had higher aboveground biomass at maturity, 1000-grain weight, test weight and number of spikes/m^. Although the lBL/lRS cultivars appeared to have a slight advantage in grain yield, the observed difference was not significant (Villareal et al. 1991(Villareal et al. , 1994. In a similar study using F3-derived ¥(, and F7 winter wheat lines from the 'Siouxland'/'Ram' cross, comparisons showed a 9% yield increase of lBL/lRS genotypes over IB genotypes (MorenoSevilla 1994). They attributed this trend to postanthesis stress tolerance of the lBL/lRS genotypes which resulted in increased kernel weight. Recently, Carver and Rayburn (1994) reported 9-10% higher grain yield, 11-12% more aerial biomass, and 4-6% increase in kernel weight in lBL/lRS over IB near-isoUnes derived from two hard red winter-wheat populations.Demonstration of the yield advantage of lBL/lRS translocation in winter wheats has not been reported in spring wheats by evaluation of a stringent germplasm set. As about 50% of CIMMYT advanced high-yielding bread wheat lines possess the lBL/lRS translocation, it is imperative that further investigations be conducted to verify this grain yield advantage of the lBL/lRS germplasm. This study was conducted to determine t...

Variation at storage protein loci in winter common wheat cultivars of the central forest-steppe of Ukraine

“…However, the adaptive value of this transloca tion cannot be explained by the presence of resist ance genes only. The positive effect of 1BL/1RS translocation on yield components and yield stabil ity was demonstrated in some studies [28][29][30][31]. The data on the high frequency of the allele Gli B1l (the 1BL/1RS translocation) in the Ukrainian Central Forest Steppe cultivars are in good agreement with the data obtained for French cultivars.…”

Does Morphological and Anatomical Plasticity during the Vegetative Stage Make Wheat More Tolerant of Water Deficit Stress Than Rice?

“…Three rice cultivars, rice 'IR64' (susceptible to water deficit stress), rice 'Apo' (aerobic/water deficit tolerant), and rice 'N22' (water deficit and high-temperature tolerant), were chosen for our study based on previous reports (Liu et al, 2006;Jagadish et al, 2011;Rang et al, 2011;Venuprasad et al, 2012). The two wheat cultivars selected were wheat 'SeriM82,' which is moderately susceptible (Pfeiffer, 1988) to tolerant of water-limited conditions (Villareal et al, 1995), and wheat 'Weebill4,' a highly drought-tolerant check cultivar Praba et al, 2009). Dormancy of rice seeds was broken after exposure to 50°C for 3 d, and pregerminated seeds were sown in white-painted pots (55 cm long and 15-cm diameter) as recommended by Poorter et al (2012) to minimize the confounding effects of increasing temperature of pot surface and soil.…”

The physiological genetic effects of 1BL/1RS translocated chromosome in "stay green" wheat cultivar CN17

“…effect on seeds per spike and grain weight (Villareal et al 1995(Villareal et al , 1998. This could be attributed to the larger D 1 during the juvenile spike growth phase and the larger D 2 during the grain-filling stage in the translocation populations compared with the non-translocation populations, respectively.…”

“…), respectively (McIntosh et al 1993). In addition, the 1BL/1RS translocation has a large potential to produce higher yield (Mettin et al 1973;Zeller 1973;Moonen and Zeven 1984;Carver and Rayburn 1994;Villareal et al 1995).…”