BACKGROUND: To analyze research activity on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in general and CSF rhinorrhea and otorrhea in particular, and to identify the main topic clusters in these areas. METHODS: We identified all documents using the medical subject heading “Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak” indexed in the MEDLINE database between 1945 and 2018. We performed a descriptive bibliometric analysis and analyses of networks and research clusters in order to identify the main topic areas of research.RESULTS: From 1945 to 2018 a total of 4130 records were published with the term CSF, including 2821 documents (68.1%) with the term CSF rhinorrhea and 1040 documents (25.8%) with CSF otorrhea. The number of documents published increased from 10 in 1945-49 to 642 in 2010-14. Articles were the dominant document type (86.8% of the documents analyzed), while case reports were the main type of study (37.4%). In terms of geographic distribution, researchers from the United States of America (USA) led in the number of signatures (39.06%), followed by those from the United Kingdom (UK) (7.49%). The most active areas of research in the field were “Postoperative Complications,” “Tomography, X-Ray Computed,” and “Magnetic Resonance Imaging.” The terms “Adults,” “Young Adult,” and “Middle Aged” were most common in CSF rhinorrhea research; and the terms “Infant,” “Child, Preschool,” “Child,” and “Adolescent” were more common in CSF otorrhea. CONCLUSIONS: Articles and case reports related with “Surgery” and “Postoperative Complications” associated with diagnosis are the main topic of study, highlighting the importance of this document type in advancing knowledge.