The Abiotic Urban Environment: Impact of Urban Growing Conditions on Urban Vegetation

Sieghardt, Monika; Mursch-Radlgruber, Erich; Paoletti, Elena; Couenberg, Els; Dimitrakopoulus, Alexandros; Rego, Francisco; Hatzistathis, A.; Randrup, Thomas B.

doi:10.1007/3-540-27684-x_12

Cited by 110 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…More surprisingly, the analysis indicates that greenery cover is more abundant in areas with newer houses, in contradiction to some previous research [19]. While this observation may appear to contradict the notion that older neighbourhoods generally contain older trees, it may reflect the fact that newer housing developments occur in peri-urban areas close to forested rural areas [52,53]. The zoning analysis supports this conclusion, showing the highest levels of urban greenery in rural areas and those zoned for future urban development (Figures 5 and 6).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Exploring Relationships between Socioeconomic Background and Urban Greenery in Portland, OR

Nesbitt

Meitner

2016

Forests

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Do urban residents experience societal benefits derived from urban forests equitably? We conducted a broad-scale spatial analysis of the relationship between urban greenery and socioeconomic factors in the Portland metropolitan area. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was derived from National Agriculture Imagery Program images to map urban vegetation cover, and Outdoor Recreation and Conservation Area data were used to identify green spaces. These measures of urban greenery were correlated with census data to identify socioeconomic factors associated with high levels of green inequity. Population density, house age, income, and race were strongly correlated with vegetation cover. However, the distribution of green spaces showed a much weaker relationship with socioeconomic factors. These results highlight the importance of different measures of access to urban greenery and suggest potential solutions to the problem of urban green inequity. Cities can use our methods to conduct targeted urban forest management to maximize urban forest benefits received by residents.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Exploring Relationships between Socioeconomic Background and Urban Greenery in Portland, OR

Nesbitt

Meitner

2016

Forests

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“…Dotyczy to wzrostu powierzchni nieprzepuszczających wody, tzn. nawierzchni pieszych i jezdni oraz zabudowy, z których woda opadowa odprowadzana jest do kanalizacji [Sieghardt et al 2005], a tym samym bezpowrotnie tracona. Ponadto następuje zmniejszanie powierzchni trawników oraz liczby drzew i krzewów, które dzięki transpiracji nawilżają atmosferę [Gillner et al 2015].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

The adaptation of a hydroponic system in vertical gardens adapted to a Polish climate

et al. 2018

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STRESZCZENIETereny zielone w miastach stopniowo kurczą się z powodu rozwoju cywilizacyjnego. Tak zwane "ogrody wertykalne" mogą stać się alternatywą dla płaskich obszarów trawników lub klombów w gęsto zabudowanych obszarach, zapewniając poprawę jakości powietrza, korzyści dla lokalnego mikroklimatu, wartości estetycznych oraz ludzkiego zdrowia i dobrego samopoczucia. Stworzenie nowej konstrukcji pionowego ogrodu na ścianie istniejącego budynku wymaga szczególnej uwagi: pionowa konstrukcja ogrodu powinna być stabilna, solidna, lekka i łatwa w montażu. W naszej pracy przedstawiamy konstrukcję do ogrodu pionowego przystosowaną do upraw hydroponicznych ozdobnych roślin zielnych. Budowa została zbudowana na ścianach południowych i północnych na budynku uniwersytetu w Lublinie. W ciągu trzech kolejnych lat monitorowano konstrukcję ogrodu wertykalnego, systemu dostarczania składników odżywczych oraz rośliny. Wyniki wykazały, że zastosowana konstrukcja i system hydroponiczny działały dobrze i były odporne na warunki klimatyczne przez cały rok. Słowa kluczowe: ogród wertykalny, zielona ściana, zieleń miejskaThe adaptation of a hydroponic system in vertical gardens adapted to a Polish climate ABSTRACT Green areas in cities are gradually shrinking due to the civilization development. So-called 'vertical gardens' may become an alternative for flat areas of lawns or flower beds in densely built-up areas, providing air quality improvement, benefits for local microclimate and aesthetic value for human health and well-being. The establishment of a new construction for the vertical garden on a wall of an existing building needs a specific approach: the vertical garden construction should be stable, robust, lightweight and easy to assembly. In our work, we present the construction for vertical garden adjusted to hydroponic cultivation of ornamental herbaceous plants. The construction was established on both the southern and northern walls on a building in university in Lublin, Poland. During three consecutive years, the construction of a vertical garden, the hydroponic water-and-nutrient supplying system and the plants were monitored. The results showed that the applied construction and hydroponic system worked well and was resistant to climatic conditions throughout the year.

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“…Especially trees growing in densely built areas or roadsides in particular face stress that is typical only for urban areas. Limited growing space above and under ground, heat stress, and toxic compounds in the soil and air (Bassuk and Whitlow 1985;Sieghardt et al 2005) are examples of the harsh conditions that urban trees grow in. In addition, the chance of radical changes is relatively high in urban environments.…”

Section: Management Of Urban Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing laser scanning applications for mapping and monitoring single tree characteristics for the needs of urban forestry

Tanhuanpää¹

2016

Diss. For.

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To be presented with the permission of the Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, for public criticism in lecture room B5, B-building (Viikki Campus, Latokartanonkaari 7, Helsinki) on October 28 th , 2016 at 12 o'clock noon. ABSTRACTUrban forests provide various ecosystem services. However, they also require fairly intensive management, which can be supported with up-to-date tree-level data. Until recently, the data have been collected using traditional field measurements. Laser scanning (LS) techniques provide efficient means for acquiring detailed three-dimensional (3D) data from the vegetation. The objective of this dissertation was to develop methods for mapping and monitoring urban forests at tree level.In substudy I, a method (MS-STI) utilizing multiple data sources was developed for extracting tree-level attributes. The method combined airborne laser scanning (ALS), field measurements, and tree locations. The field sample was generalized using the non-parametric nearest neighbor (NN) approach. The relative root mean square error (RMSE) of diameter at breast height (DBH) varied between 18.8-33.8%.The performance of MS-STI was assessed in substudy II by applying it to an existing tree register. 88.8% of the trees were successfully detected, and the relative RMSE of DBH for the most common diameter classes varied between 21.7-24.3%.In substudy III, downed trees were mapped from a recreational forest area by detecting changes in the canopy. 97.7% of the downed trees were detected and the commission error was 10%. Species group, DBH, and volume were estimated for all downed trees using ALS metrics and existing allometric models. For the DBH, the relative RMSE was 20.8% and 34.1% for conifers and deciduous trees respectively.Finally, in substudy IV, a method utilizing terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and tree basic density was developed for estimating tree-level stem biomass for urban trees. The relative RMSE of the stem biomass estimates varied between 8.4-10.5%.The dissertation demonstrates the applicability of LS data in assessing tree-level attributes for urban forests. The methods developed show potential in providing the planning and management of urban forests with cost-efficient and up-to-date tree-level data.

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The Abiotic Urban Environment: Impact of Urban Growing Conditions on Urban Vegetation

Cited by 110 publications

References 30 publications

Exploring Relationships between Socioeconomic Background and Urban Greenery in Portland, OR

Exploring Relationships between Socioeconomic Background and Urban Greenery in Portland, OR

The adaptation of a hydroponic system in vertical gardens adapted to a Polish climate

Developing laser scanning applications for mapping and monitoring single tree characteristics for the needs of urban forestry

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