The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome in microbial infection

Zhu, Wenbo; Zu, Xuyu; Liu, Shuangquan

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.04.052

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Regardless of the "canonical" or "non-canonical" activation, the events downstream of AIM2 DNA sensing are the same (Figure 2): the assembly of inflammasome complex, the activation of caspase-1, and the maturation of IL-1β/IL-18 and GSDMD (22,23,40). Therefore, AIM2 is essential for the regulation of innate immune responses and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers.…”

Section: Aim2 Recognizes Host and Pathogen Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases

et al. 2020

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A common feature of many acute and chronic oral diseases is microbial-induced inflammation. Innate immune responses are the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that specifically recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and danger-associated molecular patterns. The activation of certain PRRs can lead to the assembly of macromolecular oligomers termed inflammasomes, which are responsible for pro-inflammatory cytokine maturation and secretion and thus activate host inflammatory responses. About 10 years ago, the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) was independently discovered by four research groups, and among the "canonical" inflammasomes [including AIM2, NLR family pyrin domain (NLRP)1, NLRP3, NLR family apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP)/NLR family, caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) containing (NLRC)4, and pyrin], AIM2 so far is the only one that simultaneously acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor due to its DNA-binding ability. Undoubtedly, such a double-faceted role gives AIM2 greater mission and more potential in the mediation of innate immune responses. Therefore, AIM2 has garnered much attention from the broad scientific community during its first 10 years of discovery (2009-2019). How the AIM2 inflammasome is related to oral diseases has aroused debate over the past few years and is under active investigation. AIM2 inflammasome may potentially be a key link between oral diseases and innate immunity. In this review, we highlight the current knowledge of the AIM2 inflammasome and its critical role in the pathogenesis of various oral diseases, which might offer future possibilities for disease prevention and targeted therapy utilizing this continued understanding.

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Section: Aim2 Recognizes Host and Pathogen Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases

et al. 2020

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“…Additionally, caspase-1 can cleave gasdermin D to initiate pyroptotic cell death, characterized by the formation of pores in the plasma membrane and the release of cellular contents into the extracellular environment (Kayagaki et al, 2015 ; Shi et al, 2015 ). The AIM2 inflammasome has been shown to form following infection with either DNA or RNA viruses in peripheral myeloid and lymphoid immune cell-types, such as bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM), monocytes, and fibroblasts (Rathinam et al, 2010 ; Ekchariyawat et al, 2015 ; Schattgen et al, 2016 ; Huang et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ), and the role of this and other inflammasomes during viral infection is discussed extensively elsewhere (Chen and Ichinohe, 2015 ; Lupfer et al, 2015 ; Man et al, 2016 ; Shrivastava et al, 2016 ; Lugrin and Martinon, 2018 ; Zhu et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Aim2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytosolic DNA Sensors and CNS Responses to Viral Pathogens

Jeffries

Marriott

2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Viral central nervous system (CNS) infections can lead to life threatening encephalitis and long-term neurological deficits in survivors. Resident CNS cell types, such as astrocytes and microglia, are known to produce key inflammatory and antiviral mediators following infection with neurotropic DNA viruses. However, the mechanisms by which glia mediate such responses remain poorly understood. Recently, a class of intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), collectively known as DNA sensors, have been identified in both leukocytic and non-leukocytic cell types. The ability of such DNA sensors to initiate immune mediator production and contribute to infection resolution in the periphery is increasingly recognized, but our understanding of their role in the CNS remains limited at best. In this review, we describe the evidence for the expression and functionality of DNA sensors in resident brain cells, with a focus on their role in neurotropic virus infections. The available data indicate that glia and neurons can constitutively express, and/or can be induced to express, various disparate DNA sensing molecules previously described in peripheral cell types. Furthermore, multiple lines of investigation suggest that these sensors are functional in resident CNS cells and are required for innate immune responses to viral infections. However, it is less clear whether DNA sensormediated glial responses are beneficial or detrimental, and the answer to this question appears to dependent on the context of the infection with regard to the identity of the pathogen, host cell type, and host species. Defining such parameters will be essential if we are to successfully target these molecules to limit damaging inflammation while allowing beneficial host responses to improve patient outcomes.

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“…Even though the role of AIM2 in HPV infection has been only marginally addressed, it is well established that the AIM2 inflammasome is crucial for the immune response to viral and bacterial infections. In particular, AIM2 is involved in DNA and RNA virus infection, such as CMV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), HPV, and influenza virus [89]. With regard to HPV, the role of the AIM2 inflammasome has been investigated in keratinocytes infected with HPV16.…”

Section: Pyhin Proteins and Human Papillomavirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PYHIN Proteins and HPV: Role in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

et al. 2019

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In the last decades, the human papillomavirus (HPV) emerged as an etiological cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), especially in the oropharynx. The role of two intracellular DNA sensors, which belong to the PYHIN family (interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and absent in melanoma 2 protein (AIM2)), has been analyzed in relation to HPV infection and head and neck carcinogenesis. In particular, IFI16 and AIM2 expression depends on HPV infection in HNSCC. They represent viral restriction factors and are key components of the intrinsic immunity activated against different viruses, including HPV. This review analyzed and summarized the recent findings about the role of PYHIN proteins in HPV+ and HPV− HNSCC.

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The absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome in microbial infection

Cited by 13 publications

References 75 publications

AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases

AIM2 Inflammasome's First Decade of Discovery: Focus on Oral Diseases

Cytosolic DNA Sensors and CNS Responses to Viral Pathogens

PYHIN Proteins and HPV: Role in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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