The absorption and excretion of zinc

McCance, R. A.; Widdowson, E. M.

doi:10.1042/bj0360692

Cited by 135 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Our results were similar to those of Dauncey et al [11], and Cavell and Widdowson [12]. Like MacCance and Widdowson [13], we did not find any relationship between urinary Zn excretion and Zn intake. Also, we did not find a relationship between urinary Zn and N excretion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The relationship between fecal Zn and Zn intake with diets 1 and 2 was also found by MacCance and Widdowson [13], and Cavell and Widdowson [12], However, there is no relationship between ingested Zn and fecal Zn in our preterm infants fed diet 3; it was probably due to the low Zn intake. We did not find a relationship between Zn and N fecal in group 3 because of the small fecal N excretion with diet 3.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Zinc Balances in Preterm Infants

et al. 1982

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Zinc balances were studied in three groups of preterm babies. The first group received bank human milk of 25% concentration, the second group bank human milk enriched with 1 g/100 ml of lactalbumin hydrolysate, and the third group an industrial formula in which 40% of the fats were replaced with medium chain triglycerides (MCT). Zn intakes (μg/kg/day) were, respectively, 796 ± 136 (group 1), 689 ± 231 (group 2), and 252 ± 67 (group 3). In all 3 groups, fecal Zn excretion was very high: range; 6,862–635 μg/kg/day (group 1), 3,022–194 μg/kg/day (group 2), and 304–27 μg/kg/day (group 3), respectively. Zn retentions were mostly negative for groups 1 and 2 (7/8 and 18/23, respectively), and mostly positive (12/14), for group 3. Zn absorption was found to be related to fecal fat (p < 0.001) in all groups, and in group 1 and 2 to fecal N (p < 0.001) and Zn intake (p < 0.02). Positive zinc balances were obtained when fat and nitrogen absorption exceeded 90%. This was achieved at 280 days of postmenstrual age in preterm babies fed bank human milk, but much sooner in preterm babies fed with MCT.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Zinc Balances in Preterm Infants

et al. 1982

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“…Most studies have found that the intestine is the primary route of zinc excretion (9,15). An important finding is that under the conditions of this study there was a correlation between zinc excretion and fecal dry solids output.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Others have reported urinary zinc excretion of 0.3 to 1 mg/day under various dietary conditions and zinc intake levels (9,15). We found urinary zinc output to be constant for an individual within a narrow range of diets, but to vary by two-fold among the group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Zinc Balance in Pregnant Teenagers

Schraer

Calloway²

1974

Ann Nutr Metab

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Zinc balance was studied during the last trimester of pregnancy in four teenagers. Diets composed of natural foods and mineral salts contained 10.5, 15.0 and 19.5 g nitrogen, and 26, 29 and 32 mg zinc. Urinary zinc was 2 % of daily total excretion and was relatively constant for a given subject. Dermal losses were larger than anticipated, 2.8 mg/day, and constituted about 11 % of daily zinc loss. Fecal zinc was 87 % of total daily loss, and varied within subjects and treatment groups. The magnitude of fecal zinc loss was dependent on the volume of fecal dry solids passed and zinc content of dry fecal material was remarkably constant within subjects and treatment groups. Balance for all subject-treatments was about 4 mg/day.

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“…Published data on urinary zinc approximate our findings. In the urine of normal individuals McCance and Widdowson found an average of 0.3 mg. of zinc per day; they also found that neither oral nor parenteral administration of zinc increased its renal excretion, although proteinuria was accompanied by a sevenfold increase in zincuria (10 of urine (13).…”

Section: Part I Ofmentioning

confidence: 96%

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

Hm¹,

Ef²

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

118

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Interest in the biologic role of trace elements prompted an investigation of their renal excretion. Preliminary qualitative analysis revealed that except for cobalt the entire first transition series of metals, namely, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel and copper, were detectable in most human urines. In addition the heavier transition metals, molybdenum and silver, as well as the related metals, zinc, cadmium, tin and lead, were ordinarily present. A method was evolved by which the urinary concentrations of such metals could be quantitatively estimated. The procedure included initial chemical concentration followed by spectrographic analysis. Contamination was minimized by careful preparation of equipment and reagents. Since extraneous iron and copper were particularly difficult to avoid and since these two metals had frequently been studied by other techniques, no attempt was made to measure them spectrographically. The exclusion of significant positive contamination, the demonstration that the low renal excretion of cobalt permitted its use as an internal standard, and the determination of standard working curves and recovery data for each metal constituted the control data for the assay procedure. Estimations were less satisfactory for chromium and titanium than for the remaining nine metals.Collection and assay of 24 hour urines were performed in a standard manner. Such urines from normal persons served to indicate both the mean level and the variability of excretion for the nine trace metals which could be satisfactorily estimated. Daily differences in the renal excretion of metal as well as the effects produced by * Supported by grants-in-aid from the National Heart Institute of the United States Public Health Service, the American Heart Association, the Life Insurance Medical Research Fund and Abbott Laboratories.t Established Investigator, American Heart Association. extremes of urinary volume and pH were determined for 24 hour urines from one normal individual. A brief preliminary study was made of the metallic spectrum in single specimens of urine from hospitalized African natives. Finally, metal concentration was measured in consecutive 24 hour urines from hypercholesterolemic patients before, during and after the parenteral administration of the chelating agent, disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, which had been observed to lower the level of cholesterol in human plasma (1). METHODSPrelimintary qutalitative uirinalysis. In order to select the metals to be assayed, 40 single urine specimens from different subjects were analyzed qualitatively. Half of. the samples were obtained from normal individuals and half from hospitalized patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension. The urines were evaporated to approximately one-twentieth of their original volume, after which most of the organic material was oxidized with hydrogen peroxide. The residues were then dried, mixed with an approximately equal amount of graphite, and burned to completion in a direct current arc. The ph...

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The absorption and excretion of zinc

Cited by 135 publications

References 8 publications

Zinc Balances in Preterm Infants

Zinc Balances in Preterm Infants

Zinc Balance in Pregnant Teenagers

Normal Concentrations of Some Trace Metals in Human Urine: Changes Produced by Ethylenediaminetetraacetate *

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