The action of 5‐chloro‐3‐tert. butyl‐2′‐chloro‐4′‐nitro—salicylanilide and α,α′‐bis(hexafluoroacetonyl)aceton on the water‐splitting enzyme system Y in spinach chloroplasts

The induction of a high resistance to 3‐(3,4‐dichlorophenyl‐1,1‐dimethylurea (DCMU) of oxygen evolution in spinach chloroplasts by trypsin treatment

“…First, taking into account also the increase of membrane permeability by trypsin [14], the rate of oxygen evolution should be nearly independent of uncouplers, in contrast to normal chloroplasts. Indeed, it was found that 2-(3-chloro-4-trifluoromethyl)anilino-3,5-dinitrothiophene (ANT 2p), a very potent ADRY-type uncoupler [23,24], leads to a 4-fold increase ofM o (t d = 2 ms) in normal chloroplasts, whereas in trypsin~ated chloroplasts no stimulatory effect is observed, but rather a decrease at higher K3 [Fe(CN)6]-concentrations (data not shown).…”

Photosynthesis-Inhibiting Activity of 1-[(2-Chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]- and 1-[(2-Nitrophenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl Alkylcarbamates

“…In the middle of the 1970s, it was found that salicylanilides belong to effective uncoupling agents of oxidative phosphorylation [ 43 , 44 , 45 ], and acceleration of the deactivation reactions of water splitting enzyme system Y by 3- tert -butyl-5-chloro- N -(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide was observed [ 44 ]. Substituted salicylanilides or their bioisosteres inhibited PET in spinach chloroplasts [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ] and reduced chlorophyll content in green alga, Chlorella vulgaris [ 31 , 35 , 46 , 47 ].…”

Preparation and Photosynthesis-Inhibiting Activity of 1-[(2-Nitrophenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl Alkylcarbamates

“…These groups are characteristic of a number of herbicides acting as inhibitors of photosynthetic electron transport (PET) in photosystem (PS) II [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Moreover, in the middle of the 1970's it was found that salicylanilides belong to effective uncoupling agents of oxidative phosphorylation [22][23][24], and acceleration of the deactivation reactions of water splitting enzyme system Y by 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-2-hydroxybenzamide was observed [23]. Substituted salicylanilides or their bioisosteres inhibited PET [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][25][26][27][28] and reduced chlorophyll content in green alga, Chlorella vulgaris [25][26][27].…”