The Activation Mechanism of Bi3+ Ions to Rutile Flotation in a Strong Acidic Environment

Xiao, Weiqiang; Cao, Pan; Liang, Qiannan; Peng, Hong; Zhao, Hongbo; Qin, Wenqing; Qiu, Guanzhou; Wang, Jun

doi:10.3390/min7070113

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In Figure 1, it can be found that the contact angle of the rutile surface was 37.6 • ± 1.5 • in the natural condition, suggesting that the natural hydrophobicity of rutile surface was very poor. This is in agreement with the results reported in previous studies [9,12]. After SPA adsorption on the un-activated rutile surface, the contact angle of the rutile surface only increased from 37.6 • to 48.7 • ± 2.0 • , which indicated that it was very difficult for SPA to be adsorbed on the un-activated rutile surface.…”

Section: Contact Angle Measurementssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…On the basis of these previous studies, we found that the activation mechanisms of metal ions for mineral flotation were indirectly deduced by some measures, such as XPS, zeta potential, FTIR and simulation calculation [5,6,[8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, at the micro level, there was no intuitive evidence for the explanation of the activation mechanisms of Pb 2+ ions for rutile flotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Li et al [8] also found that Pb 2+ ions had a strong activating ability for rutile flotation, and the activating mechanism was explained by XPS and zeta potential measurements. Xiao et al [9] used Bi 3+ ions to activate the rutile flotation, and found that Bi 3+ ions adsorbed on the rutile surface in the form of the hydroxyl species of Bi 3+ ions (Bi(OH) n +(3−n) ) and the hydroxylated rutile surface, producing the compounds of -Ti-O-Bi 2+ . After metal ion activation, chelators that bind to these metal ions were often used as collectors to improve the hydrophobicity of the rutile surface, such as styryl phosphoric acid (SPA) [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption Mechanism of Pb2+ Activator for the Flotation of Rutile

et al. 2018

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In general, the flotation of minerals containing titanium needs to be activated by metal ions due to a lack of activating sites on their surface. However, the activating process is indirectly inferred due to the lack of direct experimental observation. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to observe the activation process. The results revealed that the hydroxyl compounds of Pb2+ ions were adsorbed on the rutile surface in the form of multiple molecular associates, rather than through single molecule adsorption. Styryl phosphoric acid (SPA) could largely be adsorbed on the activated rutile surface with a single and double layer rather than on the un-activated rutile surface. The results of contact angle measurements also revealed that the hydrophobicity of the activated rutile surface was significantly greater than that of the un-activated rutile surface after SPA was adsorbed. This study will be helpful to understanding the activating process from the microscale.

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Section: Contact Angle Measurementssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adsorption Mechanism of Pb2+ Activator for the Flotation of Rutile

et al. 2018

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“…Compared with ilmenite, the titanium in rutile is relatively easy to utilize, with a natural advantage in quality. Therefore, many studies have begun to focus on rutile beneficiation [7][8][9][10]. The majority of rutile ores are refractory ores, the concentration of which is very difficult to gauge due to the fine grain sizes associated with the gangues, the complexity of the mineralogy, and the brittleness leading to it being easily over-ground [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Structure and Mechanism of Styryl Phosphoric Acid at the Rutile–Water Interface

et al. 2018

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The microstructure and mechanism of styryl phosphoric acid (SPA) adsorbed at the rutile–water interface were investigated through zeta potential measurement, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results of the zeta potential measurement illustrate that SPA is mainly electrostatically adsorbed on the rutile surface, and the adsorption process and result can be well fitted by the Stern-Grahame equation. The adsorption is severely affected by pH due to different species of SPA occurring in different pH solutions. The compound of P–O–Ti, with a structure of bidentate binuclear or bidentate mononuclear complexes, is formed after SPA is adsorbed on the rutile surface. SPA can be adsorbed on the rutile surface through the coordination of self-polymerization and bidentate mononuclear, which greatly increases the hydrophobicity of the rutile surface. Based on the above analysis and discussion, we proposed the adsorption model of SPA at the rutile–water interface, which was conducive to the modification and synthesis of a highly efficient flotation collector of the primary rutile ore.

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“…The adsorption of metallic ions on the mineral surface would lead to the variation in the zeta potential of mineral surface and alter the isoelectric point (IEP) [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The adsorption of cationic or anionic collectors has similar effects [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Zeta Potential Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Backwater Al3+ on Diaspore Bauxite Flotation

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The effect of Al 3+ in backwater on the flotation of diaspore bauxite was investigated by micro-flotation tests and the underlying mechanisms were investigated by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) measurement, zeta potential measurements, solution chemistry analyses, and synchrotron near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) analyses. The ICP measurement results show the concentration of Al 3+ in backwater was up to 1 × 10 −4 mol/L. The micro-flotation results indicated that backwater Al 3+ reduced the flotation recovery of diaspore and improved the flotation recovery of kaolinite at pH 9, which was the pH value used in the industrial flotation. The adsorption of Al 3+ species changed the zeta potential, the Al atomic abundance, and the number of active sites on the mineral surface. In particular, the result of solution chemistry analyses and synchrotron NEXAFS analyses show that the Al 3+ in backwater was adsorbed on the mineral surface in the form of Al(OH) 3 (s), and the bond of -Al-O-Al-(OH) 2 or -Al/Si-O-Al-(OH) 2 was formed at pH 9. It changed the intensity of hydrogen bond force between minerals and collectors, and resulted in the depression of diaspore flotation and the activation of kaolinite flotation. This study can be used to guide the application of backwater in the flotation of diaspore bauxite in industry.

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The Activation Mechanism of Bi3+ Ions to Rutile Flotation in a Strong Acidic Environment

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Adsorption Mechanism of Pb2+ Activator for the Flotation of Rutile

Adsorption Mechanism of Pb2+ Activator for the Flotation of Rutile

Adsorption Structure and Mechanism of Styryl Phosphoric Acid at the Rutile–Water Interface

The Influence of Backwater Al3+ on Diaspore Bauxite Flotation

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