The acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with stair climbing on vascular and metabolic function after a high-fat meal

Cho, Min Jeong; Bunsawat, Kanokwan; Kim, Hyun Jeong; Yoon, Eun Sun; Jae, Sae Young

doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04321-9

Cited by 23 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In line with this, previous studies on the effects of PA breaks on glucose levels have used a wide variety of calories [11,65,66], suggesting that PA breaks are still effective in improving health outcomes after meals of varying energy content. This is in line with results for peripheral vascular function, where it was found that PA breaks can still improve endothelial dysfunction after a high-fat meal (1332 kcal, 71 g fat), compared to prolonged sitting [67]. Yet, as no control meal was included in that study, effects of prolonged sitting and the meal cannot be separated.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Interactions Between Diet and Pa Breakssupporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of prolonged sitting and physical activity breaks on cognitive performance, perceivable benefits, and cardiometabolic health in overweight/obese adults: The role of meal composition

et al. 2021

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Background & aims: Physical activity (PA) breaks may effectively attenuate the detrimental impact of prolonged sitting on acute cognitive performance, perceivable benefits (e.g. mood), vascular function, and metabolic health. To date, the impact of meal composition on the effects of sedentary behavior and/ or PA breaks on health has been scarcely studied. Therefore, our aim was to investigate whether meal composition alters how sedentary behavior and PA breaks affect these acute health outcomes. Methods: A total of 24 overweight and obese, sedentary adults completed four conditions in randomized order in a cross-over design: [a] high-protein, low-fat breakfast (HPLF) þ 4hrs uninterrupted sitting (SIT), [b] HPLF þ 4hrs interrupted sitting (ACT; 5-min cycling every 30 min), [c] Western breakfast (WEST; higher in fats/simple sugars, lower in protein/fiber) þ SIT, [d] WEST þ ACT. WEST and HPLF were isocaloric. Linear mixed models were used to examine changes in cognitive performance (Test of Attentional Performance), perceivable benefits (Likert-scales, Profile of Mood States questionnaire), vascular health (carotid artery reactivity, blood pressure), and metabolic health (post-breakfast glucose, insulin, lipids). Results: Independent of meal composition, we did not observe any effect of PA breaks on cognitive performance, vascular health and post-breakfast lipid responses. PA breaks delayed post-breakfast mood and vigor decrements, as well as increases in fatigue and sleepiness (all p < 0.05), but effects were independent of meal composition (p > 0.05). WEST resulted in higher post-breakfast glucose levels compared to HPLF (p < 0.05), while PA breaks did not impact this response (p > 0.05). PA breaks reduced post-breakfast insulin (p < 0.05), which did not differ between meals (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The acute impact of PA breaks and/or prolonged sitting on cognitive performance, perceivable benefits, and vascular and metabolic health was not altered by the composition of a single meal in overweight/obese, sedentary adults. Possibly, breaking up prolonged sitting, rather than meal composition, is a more potent strategy to impact acute health outcomes, such as perceivable benefits and insulin levels.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Interactions Between Diet and Pa Breakssupporting

confidence: 87%

Impact of prolonged sitting and physical activity breaks on cognitive performance, perceivable benefits, and cardiometabolic health in overweight/obese adults: The role of meal composition

et al. 2021

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“…Only one session of exercise is effective to transiently reduce capillary glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and ambulatory blood pressure in individuals with diabetes ( 35 , 50 ). In addition, the breaking up of sedentary behavior with very-short bouts of moderate- or high-intensity exercise throughout the day (“exercise snacks”) has shown several health-related benefits, including improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness ( 51 ), vascular function ( 52 ), glycemic control ( 53 ) and muscle function ( 54 ), being suggested as an effective strategy to prevent some deleterious effects of sedentary behavior and unhealthy food consumption ( 52 ). Indeed, the benefits of exercise snacks were reached by simple exercises using body weight (e.g.…”

Section: Physical Exercise For Managing Diabetes and Counteracting Dementioning

confidence: 99%

The Urgent Need for Recommending Physical Activity for the Management of Diabetes During and Beyond COVID-19 Outbreak

et al. 2020

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Diabetes is the second most prevalent non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is highly associated with increased incidence of disease severity and mortality. Individuals with diabetes and poor glycemic control have an even worse prognosis. Despite of the need/effectiveness of social distancing measures (i.e.: home confinement, quarantine and/or lockdown) during COVID-19 outbreak, preliminary findings showed an increase in negative behaviors during COVID-19 home confinement (i.e.:~33.5% reduction in physical activity,~28.6% (~3.10h) increase in sedentary behavior (i.e.: daily sitting, reclining and lying down time), and more unhealthy food consumption and meal pattern), which may have important clinical implications. For example, we estimated that this reduction in physical activity can increase the cases of type 2 diabetes (from~7.2% to~9.6%;~11.1 million cases per year) and all-cause mortality (from~9.4% to~12.5%;~1.7 million deaths per year) worldwide. Few weeks of reduction in physical activity levels result in deleterious effects on several cardiometabolic (i.e.: glycemic control, body composition, inflammatory cytokines, blood pressure, vascular function…) and functional parameters (i.e.: cardiorespiratory/muscle fitness, balance, agility…). In contrast, physical activity and exercise are important tools for preventing and treating diabetes and others NCDs. Home-based exercise programs are useful, safe and effective for the management of diabetes, and could be widely used during COVID-19 outbreak. In this context, there is an urgent need for recommending physical activity/exercise, during and beyond COVID-19 outbreak, for improving the management of diabetes, as well as to prevent the increase in global burden of COVID-19, diabetes and others NCDs.

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“…Details of study selection using the PRISMA flow diagram are shown in Figure 1. Included studies were published from 2014 to 2020 and conducted in eight countries, including USA ( n = 14), 21,22,37–48 UK ( n = 4), 23,49–51 Australia ( n = 3), 52–54 Portugal ( n = 1), 55 Netherlands ( n = 1), 56 Canada ( n = 1), 57 South Korea ( n = 1), 58 and China ( n = 1) 59 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although most of these studies delivered short‐term interventions ( n = 21), for example, from 30 min to 2 days, six studies conducted long‐term interventions for 8 weeks, 50,51 12 weeks, 46,48 16 weeks, 56 or 4 months 55 . Of the short‐term SB interventions, most studies involved interrupting prolonged sitting, 21,23,39–41,49,52–54,56–58 approximately half conducted a single bout of PA before or after prolonged sitting, 22,37,43–45,47,59 and two used local exercise, such as calf raises 38 and leg fidgeting 42 . In terms of vascular function measurements, with the exception of one study that used passive leg movement to assess general leg vascular function, all other studies assessed measures of endothelial function or arterial stiffness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In total, 19 studies reported FMD results. Specifically, 14 measured lower extremity arterial (superficial femoral artery and popliteal artery) FMD, 21,23,37,39,41–43,45,51–54,56,57 and eight measured BA FMD 45–47,49–52,58 . Nine of the 14 studies showed improvement in lower extremity arterial FMD; specifically, six for superficial femoral arterial FMD (SFA FMD) 45,51–53,56,60 and three for popliteal arterial FMD (PA FMD), 39,42,43 following short‐term SB interventions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of sedentary behavior interventions on vascular function in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Zheng

Zhang

Sheridan

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Sedentary behavior (SB) results in hemodynamic alterations within the vasculature, leading to vascular dysfunction that may be attenuated by various interventions. This systematic review and meta‐analysis examined the effect of SB interventions on vascular function in adults using seven databases searched on December 17, 2020. All types of SB interventions were included such as short‐ and long‐term interventions (≥7 days) in participants aged ≥18 years. The pooled effect (mean difference) of intervention on three outcomes, namely, flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), shear rate (SR), and pulse wave velocity (PWV), was evaluated using random effects meta‐analyses. The revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials was employed to assess the quality of the included studies. Twenty‐six studies (21 short‐term and six long‐term interventions) involving 669 participants from eight countries were included. Evidence from meta‐analysis showed that short‐term interventions targeting SB improved FMD by 1.50% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.99) and increased SR by 12.70 S−1 (95% CI 7.86–17.54); no significant pooled effect was found for PWV. Long‐term SB interventions resulted in a 0.93% increase in FMD (95% CI 0.25–1.62) and had no significant effect on PWV. Findings of this systematic review and meta‐analysis suggest that both short‐ and long‐term SB interventions improved FMD but had no effect on PWV. Short‐term interventions had a greater effect in improving lower extremity arterial function. Further studies targeting long‐term SB interventions on vascular function in adults are warranted.

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The acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with stair climbing on vascular and metabolic function after a high-fat meal

Cited by 23 publications

References 57 publications

Impact of prolonged sitting and physical activity breaks on cognitive performance, perceivable benefits, and cardiometabolic health in overweight/obese adults: The role of meal composition

Impact of prolonged sitting and physical activity breaks on cognitive performance, perceivable benefits, and cardiometabolic health in overweight/obese adults: The role of meal composition

The Urgent Need for Recommending Physical Activity for the Management of Diabetes During and Beyond COVID-19 Outbreak

Effect of sedentary behavior interventions on vascular function in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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