The Acute Toxicity of Praziquantel to Grass Carp and Golden Shiners

Mitchell, Andrew J.; Hobbs, Melissa S.

doi:10.1577/a06-056.1

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Of particular concern is the wide dose range seen with fenbendazole, as there are increasing reports of fenbendazole toxicity, including toxicity in sharks at 25 mg/kg orally. 20,21 Oral medications should be dosed based on estimated food intake and available pharmacokinetic and efficacy data. 11 Antibacterial nitrofurans were used by 25% of institutions immediately post-transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Quarantine: Current Practices in Public Zoos and Aquaria

Hadfield¹,

Clayton²

2011

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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The primary goal of quarantine is to reduce the risk of introducing infectious diseases into established collections. Fish quarantine is inherently complex because of the variety of species, environmental requirements, and facilities. To examine current practices, questionnaires were submitted to 60 public zoos and aquaria, predominantly in North America. Questions reviewed system type (closed, flow-through), quarantine length, diagnostics, treatments, and cleaning and disinfection. Forty-two of the 60 institutions responded. Most institutions had separate quarantine protocols for freshwater teleosts, marine teleosts, and elasmobranchs. Ninety-five percent of institutions had a minimum quarantine period of 30 days or more. Sixty-four percent of institutions used isolated areas for some or all of their fish quarantine. Twenty-five percent had designated fish quarantine staff. All institutions used regular visual examinations to assess animal health. Fifty-four percent of the institutions carried out routine hands-on diagnostics on some fish; this was more common for elasmobranchs than teleosts. All institutions carried out necropsies on mortalities. Fifteen percent of institutions performed histopathology on almost all fresh mortalities; 54% percent performed histopathology on less than 10% of mortalities. Prophylactic treatments were common in closed systems, in particular, formalin immersion for teleosts, freshwater dips and copper sulfate immersion for marine teleosts, and praziquantel immersion for marine teleosts and elasmobranchs. Institutions using dips generally did so at the start or end of quarantine. Fenbendazole- and praziquantel-medicated foods were used commonly in teleosts, but dosages varied greatly. Cleaning and disinfection of systems and equipment increased in response to known pathogens. These results can be used to compare and discuss fish quarantine practices at display facilities in order to improve quarantine success.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Quarantine: Current Practices in Public Zoos and Aquaria

Hadfield¹,

Clayton²

2011

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

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“…However, there is little information available on toxicity of praziquantel on fish (Mitchell & Hobbs 2007). The result regarding a possible tumour induction from praziquantel in this study could however be biased, because praziquantel was the only medication used against Gyrodactylus sp.…”

Section: Influence Of Medicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for development of internal neoplasms in koi carp Cyprinus carpio koi

Knüsel¹,

Doherr²,

Knüsel³

et al. 2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Frohberg (1984) described extensive mammalian PZQ toxicity and safety studies, but these are irrelevant for understanding the safety of PZQ for fish. Mitchell and Hobbs (2007) found that the 24-and 96-h LC50 values for PZQ for juvenile golden shiners [Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814)] were 50.0 and 45.0 mg l -1 , and for grass carp, these were 60.0 and 60.0 mg l -1 . Obiekezie and Okafor (2008) found that the 24-h LC50 of PZQ for Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) was 13.4 mg l -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Praziquantel treatment for yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi): dose and duration safety study

Forwood

Landos²,

D'Antignana

et al. 2015

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Regulatory approval is being sought to use praziquantel (PZQ) to treat flukes infecting yellowtail kingfish (YTK), but accurate safety data were not available. We investigated the effect of increased doses or prolonged exposure of orally administered PZQ on YTK by assessing changes in haematological and biochemical characteristics, and mortality. Fish were intubated daily for 3 days with 0, 100, 300 and 500 mg PZQ kg(-1) BW day(-1) or once daily for 9 days at 0 and 100 mg PZQ kg(-1) BW day(-1). Blood was taken 24 h after the cessation of treatment. There was no significant difference between any of the haematological or biochemical indices in YTK treated with PZQ and controls, indicating that PZQ is safe for use at 100 mg PZQ kg(-1) BW day(-1) in YTK and that exposure to high doses or prolonged duration does not have negative effects on the YTK haematological or biochemical parameters we measured.

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The Acute Toxicity of Praziquantel to Grass Carp and Golden Shiners

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Fish Quarantine: Current Practices in Public Zoos and Aquaria

Fish Quarantine: Current Practices in Public Zoos and Aquaria

Risk factors for development of internal neoplasms in koi carp Cyprinus carpio koi

Praziquantel treatment for yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi): dose and duration safety study

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