The adiponectin-to-leptin ratio in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relation to insulin resistance and proinflammatory markers

Xita, Nectaria; Papassotiriou, Ioannis; Georgiou, Ioannis; Vounatsou, Maria; Margeli, Alexandra; Tsatsoulis, Agathocles

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2007.01.008

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In this case, insulin resistance, along with low serum adiponectin and high serum leptin compared with the group average, supported the diagnosis of PCOS, as well as cystic endometrial hyperplasia, similar to changes that were described in humans. 10 This case is remarkable in that endometrial hyperplasia in association with spontaneous PCOS has not previously been diagnosed in nonhuman primates. In this case, a diagnosis of PCOS was made based on the clinical history of the animal, including suppression of ovulation with a prolonged menstrual cycle length, hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, and obesity, as well as multiple cystic follicles in both ovaries and endometrial complex hyperplasia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Serum leptin concentrations are significantly elevated proportionally to the degree of adiposity, whereas adiponectin levels are paradoxically reduced in individuals with obesity and insulin resistance. 10 PCOS is well recognized in humans, with a prevalence rate between 5-10% in women of reproductive age. 1,5 Unlike in humans, spontaneous PCOS is uncommon in animals, including nonhuman primates.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Arifin

Shively

et al. 2008

Vet Pathol

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Abstract. A 13-year-old, obese, female cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) was observed in a 5-year neurobehavioral study and was humanely euthanatized for experimental purposes. During this observational study, the monkey was noted to ovulate only rarely (0-3 times a year), with a prolonged menstrual cycle length (up to 161 days), hyperandrogenism (androstenedione area under the curve in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone up to 27.64 ng/ml), and hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin up to 65.85 mIU/ml). This animal's body mass index was 65.46 kg/m 2 , with central obesity. On postmortem examination, the uterus was moderately enlarged, with an eccentric lumen and a broad-based endometrial polyp that consisted of complex glandular hyperplasia with atypia. Both ovaries contained many 2-to 3-mm follicles, without any corpora lutea. A diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome was made based on the clinical history, endocrinology, and gross and histopathologic findings.

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confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Arifin

Shively

et al. 2008

Vet Pathol

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“…The way leptin and adiponectin regulate metabolic homeostasis is different in some aspects and complementary in others (54). Numerous factors, including body weight and fat composition, insulin resistance and associated metabolic disturbances, diet, and physical activity, are believed to play a role in serum leptin and adiponectin concentrations (11,12,44).…”

Section: Adulthood and Postmenopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and adiponectin in the female life course

Lecke¹,

Morsch²,

Spritzer³

2011

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Adipose tissue secretes a variety of adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin, which are involved in endocrine processes regulating glucose and fatty metabolism, energy expenditure, inflammatory response, immunity, cardiovascular function, and reproduction. The present article describes the fluctuations in circulating leptin and adiponectin as well as their patterns of secretion in women from birth to menopause. During pregnancy, leptin and adiponectin seem to act in an autocrine/paracrine fashion in the placenta and adipose tissue, playing a role in the maternal-fetal interface and contributing to glucose metabolism and fetal development. In newborns, adiponectin levels are two to three times higher than in adults. Full-term newborns have significantly higher leptin and adiponectin levels than preterms, whereas small-for-gestational-age infants have lower levels of these adipokines than adequate-for-gestational-age newborns. However, with weight gain, leptin concentrations increase significantly. Children between 5 and 8 years of age experience an increase in leptin and a decrease in adiponectin regardless of body mass index, with a reversal of the newborn pattern for adiponectin: plasma adiponectin levels at age five are inversely correlated with percentage of body fat. In puberty, leptin plays a role in the regulation of menstrual cycles. In adults, it has been suggested that obese individuals exhibit both leptin resistance and decreased serum adiponectin levels. In conclusion, a progressive increase in adiposity throughout life seems to influence the relationship between leptin and adiponectin in women

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“…Leptin is positively correlated with body weight and insulin resistance (IR). In contrast, adiponectin has anti-inflammatory and insulin sensitizing properties, and is negatively associated with weight [25,26]. Together, they regulate long term satiety and energy expenditure [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian adipocytokines are associated with early in vitro human embryo development independent of the action of ovarian insulin

Ferin

Sauer

et al. 2012

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose We aimed to characterize the association between levels of serum and follicular fluid (FF) adipocytokines, reflected by the leptin to adiponectin ratio (L:A ratio), and oocyte quality and in vitro embryo development in women undergoing assisted reproduction. We also aimed to assess whether follicular hormonal pathways mediate this interaction. Methods We prospectively collected FF from up to four individual preovulatory follicles (n076) and fasting sera from women (n031) without endocrinopathies undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) at a university-based center for assisted reproduction. Leptin, total adiponectin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and ovarian steriods were measured using enzyme immunoassay. Oocyte maturity, fertilization, and embryo development were assessed. Results FF leptin was similar to serum levels while FF adiponectin was lower. FF leptin (27.10±4.05 ng/mL) and the L:A ratio (11.48E−3±2.57E−3) were related to FF insulin (R 2 00.370 and 0.419, p<0.001) but not to ovarian steroids or IGF-1, whereas FF adiponectin ( 4.22±0.52 ug/mL) correlated only with leptin (R 2 0−0.138, p00.001). Oocytes from a high FF L:A ratio environment were 81 % (RR 1.81 [95%CI 0.97-3.37]) more likely to undergo successful cleavage and 117 % (RR 2.17 [95 % CI 1.06-4.44]) more likely to obtain viable cleavage morphology compared to a low FF L:A ratio environment, even when adjusted for FF insulin, an independent predictor of cleavage. Conclusions Certain adipocytokines, particularly the L:A ratio in the FF of the preovulatory follicle, are related to successful in vitro embryo development. This action may be independent of FF insulin.

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The adiponectin-to-leptin ratio in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: relation to insulin resistance and proinflammatory markers

Cited by 46 publications

References 61 publications

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Endometrial Hyperplasia in a Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Leptin and adiponectin in the female life course

Ovarian adipocytokines are associated with early in vitro human embryo development independent of the action of ovarian insulin

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