The alarming association between antibiotic resistance and reduced susceptibility to biocides in nosocomial MRSA isolates from two regional hospitals in Egypt

Youssef, Christiana Rezk Bottros; Kadry, Azza M.; Shaker, Ghada H.; El-Ganiny, Amira M.

doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02314-6

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Similarly, a high frequency of MRSA has also been reported in Egypt (89.4%) [ 53 ], Peru (80%) [ 54 ], and Colombia (90%) [ 55 ]. Among S. aureus isolates collected in this study, 63.7% were multidrug-resistant (MDR) ( Table S1 ), which is similar to the rate reported in Egypt (63%) [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Inhibition of Erythromycin and Erythromycin-Induced Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

et al. 2023

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The increasing incidence of erythromycin and erythromycin-induced resistance to clindamycin among Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a serious problem. Patients infected with inducible resistance phenotypes may fail to respond to clindamycin. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of erythromycin and erythromycin-induced resistance and assess for potential inhibitors. A total of 99 isolates were purified from various clinical sources. Phenotypic detection of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB)-resistance phenotypes was performed by D-test. MLSB-resistance genes were identified using PCR. Different compounds were tested for their effects on erythromycin and inducible clindamycin resistance by broth microdilution and checkerboard microdilution methods. The obtained data were evaluated using docking analysis. Ninety-one isolates were S. aureus. The prevalence of constitutive MLSB, inducible MLSB, and macrolide-streptogramin (MS) phenotypes was 39.6%, 14.3%, and 2.2%, respectively. Genes including ermC, ermA, ermB, msrA, msrB, lnuA, and mphC were found in 82.6%, 5.8%, 7.7%, 3.8%, 3.8%, 13.5%, and 3.8% of isolates, respectively. Erythromycin resistance was significantly reduced by doxorubicin, neomycin, and omeprazole. Quinine, ketoprofen, and fosfomycin combated and reversed erythromycin/clindamycin-induced resistance. This study highlighted the significance of managing antibiotic resistance and overcoming clindamycin treatment failure. Doxorubicin, neomycin, omeprazole, quinine, ketoprofen, and fosfomycin could be potential inhibitors of erythromycin and inducible clindamycin resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Inhibition of Erythromycin and Erythromycin-Induced Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

et al. 2023

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“…Molecular studies showed the presence of 68% of the mecA gene in the isolates [33]. It has been investigated that the prevalence of the mec-A gene in biological samples from different medical departments in order to determine a possible relationship [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized patients

Shamakhte,

Tajbakhsh,

Momtaz

2024

Cell. Mol. Biomed. Rep.

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains circulating among populations and crossing borders constitute a major problem for health control and require a fast and simple genotypic approach. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, molecular types and drug resistance pattern of S. aureus isolated from Hospitalized Patients in teaching Hospitals of Ahvaz. This cross-sectional study was from April to September 2023, MRSA strains were identified by phenotypic and molecular methods. The antibiotics studied were), Cefoxitin (15 μg) Gentamicin (10 μg), Ciprofloxacin (5 μg), Erythromycin (15 μg), Clindamycin (2 μg), linzolide(10μg), azithromycin(5 μg). The tests were performed according to the guidelines of clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). It also detected the mecA gene of MSRA strains. 470 Staphylococcus aureus samples from patients hospitalized in different departments of Ahvaz Hospitals included 283 blood culture samples, 75 wound samples, 72 body fluid samples and 40 catheter samples, and 321 (68.3%) MRSA isolates were reported. All these 321 MRSA isolates were tested with ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, linezolid, gentamicin, erythromycin, and azithromycin antibiotics. Also, the results of molecular identification of the mec A gene in 321 strains of S. aureus showed that 312 strains carry the mec A gene. The high prevalence of S. aureus samples can be caused by long-term hospitalization of patients in the ward and excessive use of antibiotics to treat the infection and increased resistance in isolates. As a result, more monitoring of the hospital's infection control department, as well as the expansion of the correct use of antibiotics, seems necessary and important. Article info

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“…In hospitals environment, S. aureus exposed to different antibiotics, disinfectants and sanitizers; therefore, it gained an enormous resistance and became multidrug-resistant (MDR) [4,5]. In addition, the presence of resistance determinants on mobile genetic elements as transposons, integrons and plasmids has led to the wide spread of MDR strains [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) can arise from chromosomal mutations that alter the drug binding sites, and from horizontal gene transfer of the mobile genetic element; staphylococcal cassette chromosome elements (SCCmec) [10,11]. MRSA is often resistant to many clinically used antibiotics, such as β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides and lincosamides in Egypt and worldwide [7,8,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes wide range of nosocomial and community-acquired infections which have spread worldwide leading to an urgent need for developing effective anti-staphylococcal agents. Efflux is an important resistance mechanism that bacteria used to fight the antimicrobial action. This study aimed to investigate the efflux mechanism in S. aureus and assess diclofenac, domperidone, glyceryl trinitrate and metformin as potential efflux pump inhibitors that can be used in combination with antibiotics for treating topical infections caused by S. aureus. Materials and methods Efflux was detected qualitatively by the ethidium bromide Cart-Wheel method followed by investigating the presence of efflux genes by polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-six isolates were selected for further investigation of efflux by Cart-Wheel method in absence and presence of tested compounds followed by quantitative efflux assay. Furthermore, antibiotics minimum inhibitory concentrations in absence and presence of tested compounds were determined. The effects of tested drugs on expression levels of efflux genes norA, fexA and tetK were determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction. Results Efflux was found in 65.3% of isolates, the prevalence of norA, tetK, fexA and msrA genes were 91.7%, 77.8%, 27.8% and 6.9%. Efflux assay revealed that tested drugs had potential efflux inhibitory activities, reduced the antibiotic’s MICs and significantly decreased the relative expression of efflux genes. Conclusion Diclofenac sodium, domperidone and glyceryl trinitrate showed higher efflux inhibitory activities than verapamil and metformin. To our knowledge, this is the first report that shows that diclofenac sodium, glyceryl trinitrate and domperidone have efflux pump inhibitory activities against S. aureus.

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The alarming association between antibiotic resistance and reduced susceptibility to biocides in nosocomial MRSA isolates from two regional hospitals in Egypt

Cited by 7 publications

References 63 publications

Inhibition of Erythromycin and Erythromycin-Induced Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

Inhibition of Erythromycin and Erythromycin-Induced Resistance among Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

Antibiotic resistance pattern of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized patients

Promising FDA-approved drugs with efflux pump inhibitory activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

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