The Alcohol Paradox: Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption, Cognitive Function, and Brain Volume

Davis, Benjamin J. K.; Vidal, Jean‐Sébastien; García, Melissa; Aspelund, Thor; Buchem, Mark A. van; Jónsdóttir, Marıá K.; Sigurðsson, Sigurður; Harris, Tamara B.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Launer, Lenore J.

doi:10.1093/gerona/glu092

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The bivariate correlations between age, years of education, physical activity, and alcohol, known confounding variables of cognitive performance, 16 , 17 , 28 and the cognitive tests scores were examined. The Pearson’s r correlation was statistically significant and negative between age and the different cognitive tests scores ( r =−0.435, P <0.01).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts cognitive performance in adults

Darwish¹,

Zeinoun²,

Ghusn³

et al. 2015

NDT

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BackgroundVitamin D is an endogenous hormone known to regulate calcium levels in the body and plays a role in cognitive performance. Studies have shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and cognitive impairment in older adults. Lebanon has a high 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency prevalence across all age groups.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we explored the cognitive performance and serum 25(OH)D levels using an electrochemoluminescent immunoassay in 254 older (>60 years) as well as younger (30–60 years) adults. Subjects’ characteristics, including age, years of education, wearing of veil, alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical exercise, were collected. Participants were screened for depression prior to cognitive screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Arabic version. Visuospatial memory was tested using the Rey Complex Figure Test and Recognition Trial, and speed of processing was assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities test.ResultsPearson’s correlation and stepwise linear regression analyses showed that a low vitamin D level was associated with greater risk of cognitive impairment in older as well as younger adults.ConclusionThese findings suggest that correction of vitamin D needs to be explored as an intervention to prevent cognitive impairment. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain the effect of such interventions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts cognitive performance in adults

Darwish¹,

Zeinoun²,

Ghusn³

et al. 2015

NDT

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“…Alcohol consumption was categorized into 4 groups based on drinking status and current weekly alcohol consumption (drinks/week): abstainers, former drinkers, light to moderate (women 1–7; men 1–14) and heavy (women >7; men>14). 17 BMI was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared (m 2 ) and further categorized into 4 groups according to the WHO guidelines: underweight <18.5, normal weight 18.5–24.9, overweight 25–29.9 and obese >30. Fasting total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined on a Hitachi 912 instrument using comparable enzymatic procedures (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated With Incident Cerebral Microbleeds According to Location in Older People

et al. 2015

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“…For example, intracranial area and several regional brain volumes appear correlated with tests of premorbid and fluid intelligence and tests of visuospatial memory. Several studies that have examined these associations have shown conflicting results [145][146][147][148]. The collective findings of these studies, however, suggest that light to moderate alcohol consumption, particularly wine, is associated with both improved cognition and larger total brain volume, which may be reduced in individuals consuming heavier amounts of alcohol.…”

Section: Regional Brain Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

Stockley

2016

NUA

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Abstract. Healthy cognitive function is essential for quality of life, wellbeing and independent living, and is negatively associated with dementias. A series of longitudinal and neuro-imaging studies in the elderly have shown that light to moderate wine consumption is neuro-protective although heavy or abusive alcohol consumption is neuro-toxic. A J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption, cognitive dysfunction and risk of dementias is also observed for younger and middle aged consumers. There is also no data to suggest that long-term light to moderate alcohol consumption exacerbates age-related cognitive decline and impairment. An optimal amount of wine for neuro-protection appears to be up to 30 g alcohol daily.There are multiple plausible biological mechanisms in various animal models, in vitro and in vivo for wine-derived phenolic compounds which go beyond their antioxidant activity and attenuation of oxidative stress.

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The Alcohol Paradox: Light-to-Moderate Alcohol Consumption, Cognitive Function, and Brain Volume

Cited by 38 publications

References 39 publications

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts cognitive performance in adults

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D predicts cognitive performance in adults

Risk Factors Associated With Incident Cerebral Microbleeds According to Location in Older People

Wine consumption, cognitive function and dementias – A relationship?

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