The Amazing World of Auger Electrons

Kassis, Amin I.

doi:10.1080/09553000400017663

Cited by 176 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The precise knowledge of the shapes of beta spectra, particularly in the low-energy part of the spectrum, is essential for calculating the dose deposited at the level of biological cells (Bardiès and Chatal, 1994). Indeed, the very lowenergy electrons have a high contribution to the dose because the linear energy transfer of electrons greatly increases as their kinetic energy decreases (Kassis, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of beta spectral shapes

2014

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-Classical beta spectra calculations are briefly described, highlighting the usual assumptions and limitations. To go beyond these usual assumptions, the numerical resolution of the Dirac equation for the atomic and beta electrons is necessary. This allowed us to determine the parameters λ i involved in the theoretical shape factors exactly. A systematic comparison between theoretical and experimental shape factors led us to disqualify the usual λ i = 1 assumption for all forbidden transitions. The usual ξ-approximation was proved to be incorrect for numerous first forbidden non-unique transitions, and for all higherorder non-unique transitions. A more accurate screening correction was defined and the atomic exchange effect was taken into account, an effect which is always neglected in usual calculations. The beta spectra of 63 Ni and 241 Pu, recently measured down to very low energies, are well reproduced in our calculations. The exchange effect was demonstrated to have a great influence on the spectral shape within this energy range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of beta spectral shapes

2014

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“…Monte Carlo calculations, performed to determine the electron spectra of such radionuclides [22,23], have shown them to be extremely complex and to consist primarily of electrons with subcellular ranges. For 125 I, the average Auger and Coster-Kronig electron spectra give a total of about 21 electrons per decay with energies ranging from approximately 15 eV to 24 keV [22,23,26]. The ejection of these electrons results in the deposition of a concentrated amount of energy (equivalent to 10 4 -10 7 Gy/decay) in an extremely small volume around the decay site, typically on the order of a few cubic nanometers [24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For 125 I, the average Auger and Coster-Kronig electron spectra give a total of about 21 electrons per decay with energies ranging from approximately 15 eV to 24 keV [22,23,26]. The ejection of these electrons results in the deposition of a concentrated amount of energy (equivalent to 10 4 -10 7 Gy/decay) in an extremely small volume around the decay site, typically on the order of a few cubic nanometers [24][25][26]. The highly localized nature of energy absorption leads to severe damage of molecular structures only in the immediate vicinity of the decaying atom [27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of apoptosis in human tumor cells after exposure to Auger electrons: comparison with γ-ray exposure

Urashima

Nagasawa

Wang

et al. 2006

Nuclear Medicine and Biology

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To clarify the contribution of apoptosis to cell death in four human solid-tumor cell lines, clonogenic cell survival (indicator of radiosensitivity) and induction of caspase-3 and production of DNA fragmentation (markers for apoptosis) were studied in RKO, LS174T, MCF7, and TE671 cells exposed to DNA-incorporated, Auger-electron-emitting 125 I (5-[ 125 I]iodo-2′-deoxyuridine) or γ -radiation. Clonogenic survival was assessed by the colony-forming assay, caspase-3 induction with a fluorogenic substrate, and DNA fragmentation by ligation-mediated PCR. For 125 I, the log dosesurvival curves had no shoulder (high-LET-like) and decreased exponentially at different rates in various cell lines. Induction of caspase-3 in radiosensitive RKO and LS174T cells was 3-fold greater than in radioresistant TE671 and MCF7 cells. Nucleosomal laddering in 125 I-radiosensitive cell lines was dose-dependent, and no laddering was detected in radioresistant lines. For γ -radiation, the survival curve for LS174T cells was monoexponential, and that for the other lines exhibited a distinct shoulder (low-LET-like). The most radiosensitive cell line, LS174T, showed the highest induction of CASP-3, and the most radioresistant line, TE671, the lowest. Although DNA laddering was not detectable in TE671 cells, it was observed in the other lines, being most prominent in LS174T cells. We conclude that apoptosis initiated by DNA-incorporated 125 I is dose-dependent, correlates with radiation sensitivity, and takes place through the CASP-3-mediated pathway, whereas that after γ -irradiation probably occurs via CASP-3-independent and/or CASP-3-mediated pathways and does not correlate with cell radiosensitivity.

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“…Due to their short range (nm to µm), Auger electrons with relatively low energies can have a much higher LET. For a e-mail: u4659773@anu.edu.au example, for electron energies below 1 keV the LET peaks at around 26 keV/µm [3]. In comparison to α or β particles, Auger electrons have a much shorter range in material, which make them ideal tools for targeted radiation therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Radiation in Nuclear Decay

Lee

Kibédi

Stuchbery

et al. 2012

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Auger electrons emitted in nuclear decay offer a unique tool to kill cancer cells at the scale of a DNA molecule. Over the last forty years many aspects of this promising therapeutic tool have been explored, however it is still not in the phase of large scale clinical trials. In this paper we review the physical processes of Auger emission in nuclear decay and present a new model being developed to evaluate the energy spectrum of Auger electrons, and hence overcome the limitations of existing computations.

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The Amazing World of Auger Electrons

Cited by 176 publications

References 71 publications

Calculation of beta spectral shapes

Calculation of beta spectral shapes

Induction of apoptosis in human tumor cells after exposure to Auger electrons: comparison with γ-ray exposure

Atomic Radiation in Nuclear Decay

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