The analgesic effect of diclofenac sodium administered via the epidural route in an experimental visceral pain model

Kilci, Oya; Demir, T; Günbey, M; Kara, Cengiz; Bayazit, D; Ornek, Dilsen; Baydar, Mustafa

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.178918

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…It suggested that the central sensitization of rats is extremely obvious and rapid in the model of visceral pain induced by acetic acid, while nalbuphine could significantly inhibit this change. These experimental results are consistent with the data in other studies [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Nalbuphine alleviates inflammation by down-regulating NF-κB in an acute inflammatory visceral pain rat model

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2022

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

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Introduction Nalbuphine can relieve patients’ inflammation response after surgery compared to other opioid drugs. However, its molecular mechanism has not been clear. Activation of NF-κB signaling pathway under oxidative stress and inflammation can maintain pain escalation. Methods We firstly investigated the effect of nalbuphine on writhing test and mechanical allodynia using a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain (acetic acid (AA) administrated). Cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 in plasma were tested with ELISA technology. Expression levels of TNF-α, IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 at the spinal cord (L3–5) were measured by western blot or RT-qPCR. Results We found that the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) values of rats were reduced in the model group, while the numbers of writhing, levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma, and p-NF-κB protein and its gene expressions in the lumbar spinal cord were up-regulated. Subcutaneously injection of nalbuphine (10 μg/kg) or PDTC (NF-κB inhibitor) attenuated acetic acid-induced inflammatory pain, and this was associated with reversal of up-regulated IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α in both plasma and spinal cord. Furthermore, acetic acid increased p-NF-κB and TNF-α protein levels in the white matter of the spinal cord, which was attenuated by nalbuphine. These results suggested that nalbuphine can significantly ameliorate inflammatory pain via modulating the expression of NF-κB p65 as well as inflammation factors level in the spinal cord. Conclusion In conclusion, nalbuphine inhibits inflammation through down-regulating NF-κB pathway at the spinal cord in a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Nalbuphine alleviates inflammation by down-regulating NF-κB in an acute inflammatory visceral pain rat model

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2022

BMC Pharmacol Toxicol

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“…In this research, the analgesic drug nalbuphine signi cantly decreased the writhing numbers of rats caused by acetic acid and the PWT. These experimental results are consistent with the data in other studies [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similarly, the number of writhes in a certain period re ects the degree of pain in rats and is often used in pain-model experiments [41][42][43]. Acute visceral pain like acute appendicitis tends to lead to super cial or deep hyperalgesia or allodynia [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2 are involved in many in ammatory visceral pain diseases like visceral pain after surgery, endometriosis [40,41]. Nalbuphine is applied in some clinical researches to play valid antiin ammatory and analgesic effects [42,43]. Excepting in the clinical studies, in ML's study, expressions of pro-in ammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in the spinal cord tissues were increased in visceral pain rats and inhibited by dexmedetomidine [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nalbuphine Alleviates Inflammation by Down-regulating NF-κB in an Acute Inflammatory Visceral Pain Rat Model

Ruan

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction: Nalbuphine can relief patients’ inflammation response after surgery compared to other opioid drugs. However, its molecular mechanism has not been clear. Activation of NF-κB signaling pathway under oxidative stress and inflammation can maintain pain escalation. Methods: We firstly investigated the effect of nalbuphine on writhing test and mechanical allodynia using a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain (acetic acid (AA) administrated). Cytokines (including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 in plasma were tested with ELISA technology. Expression levels of TNF-α, IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 at the spinal cord (L3-5) were measured by western blot or RT-qPCR. Results: We found that the values of paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) were reduced and numbers of writhes were increased in the rats of group model, up-regulated IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α in both plasma and spinal cord as well as increased protein of p-NF-κB p65 and mRNA of NF-κB p65 expression in spinal cord. Subcutaneously injection of nalbuphine (10 µg/kg) or PDTC (NF-κB inhibitor) attenuated acetic acid-induced inflammatory pain, and this was associated with reversal of up-regulated IL-1β，IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α in both plasma and spinal cord. Furthermore, acetic acid increased p-NF-κB and TNF-α protein levels in the white matter of the spinal cord, which was attenuated by nalbuphine. These results suggest that nalbuphine can significantly ameliorate inflammatory pain via modulating the expression of NF-κB p65 as well as inflammation factors level in spinal cord.Conclusion: In conclusion, nalbuphine inhibits inflammation through down-regulating NF-κB pathway at spinal cord in a rat model of inflammatory visceral pain.

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“…After acupoint electroacupuncture treatment, the synthesis and utilization of norepinephrine is accelerated, but the utilization speed is faster than the synthesis speed [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on THE Mechanism of Electroacupuncture to Alleviate Visceral Pain and NGF Expression

Liang

Ren

Huang

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Visceral pain is unbearable, and natural methods are needed to relieve it. Electroacupuncture is a relatively new technique that helps relieve visceral pain by improving blood circulation and providing energy to clogged parts of the body. However, its analgesic effect and mechanism in colorectal pain are still unknown. In this study, the visceral pain models of electroacupuncture in rats were compared and discussed, using nanocomponents to stimulate the expression and mechanism of the nerve growth factor in colorectal pain and electroacupuncture and to observe the expression and mechanism of nerve growth factor in visceral pain relief rats induced by nanocomponents and electroacupuncture. The results show that nanocomponents can effectively relieve visceral pain under the action of electroacupuncture. NGF can activate endogenous proliferation, migration, differentiation, and integration. NSC can promote nerve regeneration and recovery after injury.

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The analgesic effect of diclofenac sodium administered via the epidural route in an experimental visceral pain model

Abstract: Single and repeated doses of diclofenac sodium via epidural route have an analgesic effect in a visceral pain model in rats without developing tolerance.

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Nalbuphine alleviates inflammation by down-regulating NF-κB in an acute inflammatory visceral pain rat model

Nalbuphine alleviates inflammation by down-regulating NF-κB in an acute inflammatory visceral pain rat model

Nalbuphine Alleviates Inflammation by Down-regulating NF-κB in an Acute Inflammatory Visceral Pain Rat Model

A Study on THE Mechanism of Electroacupuncture to Alleviate Visceral Pain and NGF Expression

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