The analysis of illicit 25X‐NBOMe seizures in Western Australia

Edmunds, Rohan; Donovan, Richard; Reynolds, Dominic

doi:10.1002/dta.2260

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Analysis of NBOMe derivatives, by validated analytical procedures or in individual case reports, has been extensively performed using a range of analytical approaches (see Table for a summary), such as liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), ,− ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS), ,− gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and paper spray ionization-mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) . In addition to attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) , have been previously introduced as standardized protocols for the qualitative and/or the quantitative analysis of NBOMes (Table ). Other approaches have reported the use of electrochemical methodologies including differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) utilizing glassy carbon and boron-doped diamond , as working electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quick Test for Determination of N-Bombs (Phenethylamine Derivatives, NBOMe) Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: A Comparison between Photodiode Array and Amperometric Detection

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emergence of a new class of novel psychoactive substances, N-benzyl-substituted phenethylamine derivatives so-called “NBOMes” or “Smiles”, in the recreational drug market has forced the development of new sensitive analytical methodologies for their detection and quantitation. NBOMes’ hallucinogenic effects mimic those of the illegal psychedelic drug lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and are typically sold as LSD on blotter papers, resulting in a remarkable number of fatalities worldwide. In this article, four halide derivatives of NBOMe, namely, 2-(4-fluoro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethan-1-amine, 2-(4-chloro-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethan-1-amine, 2-(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethan-1-amine, and 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(2-methoxybenzyl)ethan-1-amine, were detected and quantified simultaneously using a high-performance liquid chromatographic method, and two detection systems were compared: photodiode array detection (detection system I) and amperometric detection via a commercially available impinging jet flow-cell system incorporating embedded graphite screen-printed macroelectrodes (detection system II). Under optimized experimental conditions, linear calibration plots were obtained in the concentration range of 10–300 and 20–300 μg mL–1, for detection systems I and II, respectively. Detection limit (limit of detection) values were between 4.6–6.7 and 9.7–18 μg mL–1, for detection systems I and II, respectively. Both detectors were employed for the analysis of the four NBOMe derivatives in the bulk form, in the presence of LSD and adulterants commonly found in street samples (e.g. paracetamol, caffeine, and benzocaine). Furthermore, the method was applied for the analysis of simulated blotter papers, and the obtained percentage recoveries were satisfactory, emphasizing its advantageous applicability for the routine analysis of NBOMes in forensic laboratories.

show abstract