The Analysis of Poverty Trap on Smallholder Dairy Farms in Pangalengan Area

Abstract

Dairy farming is dominated by smallholder producers in Pangalengan area. The characteristics of poverty trap are lack of capital, low productivity, low income, low savings and investment. Therefore, the purposes of this research were: 1) to find out the ability of smallholder farmers to increase the family income; 2) to analyze which factors influence on the existence of keeping dairy cows in small scale; and 3) to know the efforts of smallholder producers release from poverty trap. The research method used a survey method with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Number of respondents that chosen in study location were 100 respondents. The ordinary least square (OLS) is used to analyze the factors that affect the keeping dairy cows in small scale. The results showed that: 1) small scale dairy farms (one to three heads) have not been able to meet the needs of family life; 2) factors that influenced on the ownership of dairy cows in small scale those are cows asset, dairy farming income, cow productivity, and non-formal education; 3) the efforts of smallholder farmers to quit from poverty trap must increase number of cows, productivity, earnings, and improve non-formal education in the form of training and guidance.

Succession Process for Sustainability of Family Dairy Farming

“…The dairy farming business has persisted since the 18 th century (Firman et al, 2018) and continues to be a source of income for farmers, especially in Pangalengan District. It indicates that the dairy cattle business has been passed down through generations (Asmara et al, 2017;Sulistyati, Hermawan, & Firman, 2019), proving that farmers could manage family members, dairy cattle, and the environment supporting their business (Mekonen, 2017;Salman, S Aisyah, Siregar, & Baba, 2020). In this region, small-scale businesses run by families often control the dairy cattle market (Firman et al, 2019).…”

“…However, longevity in raising dairy cattle does not always indicate the innovation adoption ability level. Moreover, farmers' patterns of raising dairy cattle could be shaped by the habits developed over the years (Sulistyati et al, 2019;Widodo, Kamardiani, & Utami, 2022). Male and female children aged 15 to 25 years living in the same house with their parents made up the respondents for this study.…”

“…Various reasons have been put forward to maintain the sustainability of the dairy cattle business into the future, such as the business being the main livelihood, continuing the family business, and helping parents. Future generations would continue to face stiff competition in the dairy cattle business-their main livelihood (Boettcher, 2001;Sulistyati et al, 2019). Neverthless, the prospects for the dairy cattle industry appeared unfavorable due to the population's inclination towards pursuing higher education, seeking employment in industries, such as factories or modern markets, or government offices, and various other motivations.…”

“…Family dairy farming and smallholder producers have dominated the dairy cattle farming business in the study area (Asmara et al, 2017;Sulistyati et al, 2019). It has persisted since the reform of the dairy cattle industry in the 1980s (Amin & Palash, 2020;Firman et al, 2018).…”

Profil Peternak Sapi Perah di Wilayah Desa Kemiri Kecamatan Jabung Kabupaten Malang

“…Dalam (Sulistyati, Fitriani, & Hermawan, 2013) biasanya pada suatu daerah yang menjadi sentral susu sapi memiliki pusat pengumpulan yang biasanya disebut dengan Koperasi sebagai wadah pengelola susu hasil peternak yang diharapkan dapat menunjang perekonomian peternak di sekitar wilayah tersebut dan menjadikan tempat tersebut sebagai wadah penyaluran [2]. Jumlah produksi susu setiap hari nya dari peternak dalam responden adalah 731,5 liter/hari jumlah ini merupakan keseluruhan hasil perah peternak dari pagi dan sore hari, hal ini dihitung dari jumlah sapi perah yang produksi.…”