The analytical separation of phosphate from natural water by ion exchange

Westland, Alan D.; Boisclair, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(74)90078-5

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Many organic-P and condensed-P compounds may be hydrolysed in the low-pH conditions used in the colorimetric procedure and the molybdate ion can catalyse the hydrolysis of organic-P compounds (Tarapchak, 1983). Use of ion exchange resins offers the possibility of separating inorganic orthophosphate in natural waters (Westland and Boisclair, 1974). Since adsorption to the ion exchange resin is not accompanied by major changes in solution chemistry (e.g.…”

Section: The Phosphomolybdenum Blue Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of robust measurement of phosphorus in river water: sampling, storage, fractionation and sensitivity

Jarvie

Withers

Neal

2002

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

181

164

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This paper reviews current knowledge on sampling, storage and analysis of phosphorus (P) in river waters. Potential sensitivity of rivers with different physical, chemical and biological characteristics (trophic status, turbidity, flow regime, matrix chemistry) is examined in terms of errors associated with sampling, sample preparation, storage, contamination, interference and analytical errors. Key issues identified include:The need to tailor analytical reagents and concentrations to take into account the characteristics of the sample matrix. The effects of matrix interference on the colorimetric analysis. The influence of variable rates of phospho-molybdenum blue colour formation. The differing responses of river waters to physical and chemical conditions of storage. The higher sensitivities of samples with low P concentrations to storage and analytical errors.Given high variability of river water characteristics in space and time, no single standardised methodology for sampling, storage and analysis of P in rivers can be offered. 'Good Practice' guidelines are suggested, which recommend that protocols for sampling, storage and analysis of river water for P is based on thorough site-specific method testing and assessment of P stability on storage. For wider sampling programmes at the regional/national scale where intensive site-specific method and stability testing are not feasible, 'Precautionary Practice' guidelines are suggested. The study highlights key areas requiring further investigation for improving methodological rigour.

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Section: The Phosphomolybdenum Blue Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since adsorption to the ion exchange resin is not accompanied by major changes in solution chemistry (e.g. pH), Westland and Boisclair (1974) suggested that this procedure allows determination of orthophosphate by the phosphomolybdenum blue method without interference from other phosphate-containing compounds.…”

Section: The Phosphomolybdenum Blue Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of robust measurement of phosphorus in river water: sampling, storage, fractionation and sensitivity

Jarvie

Withers

Neal

2002

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

181

164

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“…Most laboratories employ the spectrophotometric method in the measurement of what is alternatively called orthophosphate; thus, orthophosphate and SRP are operationally equivalent when the spectrophotometric method is used (Jarvie and others, 2002). Operationally, orthophosphate is not the same as SRP when orthophosphate is determined using ion chromatography because there is no inadvertent hydrolysis of other polyphosphates during the ion chromatography analysis (Westland and Boisclair, 1974). Because the amount of inadvertent polyphosphate hydrolysis during the spectrophotometric method typically is very small, orthophosphate determined using the spectrophotometric method, orthophosphate determined using ion chromatography, and SRP determined using spectrophotometry are considered to be equivalent for this study.…”

Section: Nutrient Parameters Of Interest and Harmonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-quality trends in the nation’s rivers and streams, 1972–2012—Data preparation, statistical methods, and trend results

Oelsner¹,

Sprague²,

Murphy³

et al. 2017

Scientific Investigations Report

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For more information on the USGS-the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment-visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS.For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod/.Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner.Suggested citation: Oelsner, G.P., Sprague, L.A., Murphy, J.C., Zuellig, R.E., Johnson, H.M., Ryberg, K.R., Falcone, J.A., Stets, E.G., Vecchia, A.V., Riskin, M.L., De Cicco, L.A., Mills, T.J., and Farmer, W.H., 2017, Water-quality trends in the Nation's rivers and streams, 1972-2012-Data preparation, statistical methods, and trend results (ver. 2.0, October 2017): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5006, 136 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175006. ISSN 2328-0328 (online) iii ForewordSustaining the quality of the Nation's water resources and the health of our diverse ecosystems depends on the availability of sound water-resources data and information to develop effective, science-based policies. Effective management of water resources also brings more certainty and efficiency to important economic sectors. Taken together, these actions lead to immediate and long-term economic, social, and environmental benefits that make a difference to the lives of the almost 400 million people projected to live in the United States by 2050. (http://water.usgs. gov/nawqa/applications/).In 1991, Congress established the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) to address where, when, why, and how the Nation's water quality has changed, or is likely to change in the future, in response to human activities and natural factors. Since then, NAWQA has been a leading source of scientific data and knowledge used by national, regional, State, and local agencies to develop science-based policies and management strategies to improve and protect water resources used for drinking water, recreation, irrigation, energy development, and ecosystem needs. Plans for the third decade of NAWQA (2013-23) address priority water-quality issues and science needs identified by NAWQA stakeholders, such as the Advisory Committee on Water Information, and the National Research Council as the Nation faces increasing challenges related to population growth, increasing needs for clean water, and changing land-use and weather patterns.Federal, State, and local agencies have invested billions of dollars to reduce the amount of pollution entering rivers and streams that millions of Americans rely on for drinking water, recreation, and irrigation. Tracking changes in the quality of these waterways over multiple decades is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of p...

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“…(Koenings and Hooper 1976). Westland and Boisclair (1974) found that river water salted with DIP and extracted by ion exchange did not result in 100% recovery of the salted DIP upon elution. They attributed the losses to the brown adsorbed material that was irreversibly bound to the resin.…”

Section: ~mentioning

confidence: 95%

Metabolism of nonparticulate phosphorus in an acid bog lake

Koenings¹

1977

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The analytical separation of phosphate from natural water by ion exchange

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Review of robust measurement of phosphorus in river water: sampling, storage, fractionation and sensitivity

Review of robust measurement of phosphorus in river water: sampling, storage, fractionation and sensitivity

Water-quality trends in the nation’s rivers and streams, 1972–2012—Data preparation, statistical methods, and trend results

Metabolism of nonparticulate phosphorus in an acid bog lake

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