The anti-cataract molecular mechanism study in selenium cataract rats for baicalin ophthalmic nanoparticles

Abstract

PurposeThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the solid lipid nanoparticles of baicalin (BA-SLNs) on an experimental cataract model and explore the molecular mechanism combined with bioinformatics analysis.Materials and methodsThe transparency of lens was observed daily by slit-lamp and photography. Lenticular opacity was graded. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was employed to analyze the differential protein expression modes in each group. Proteins of interest were subjected to protein identification by nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Bioinformatics analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) online software to comprehend the biological implications of the proteins identified by proteomics.ResultsAt the end of the sodium selenite-induced cataract progression, almost all lenses from the model group developed partial nuclear opacity; however, all lenses were clear and normal in the blank group. There was no significant difference between the BA-SLNs group and the blank group. Many protein spots were differently expressed in 2-DE patterns of total proteins of lenses from each group, and 65 highly different protein spots were selected to be identified between the BA-SLNs group and the model group. A total of 23 proteins were identified, and 12 of which were crystalline proteins.ConclusionWe considered crystalline proteins to play important roles in preserving the normal expression levels of proteins and the transparency of lenses. The general trend in the BA-SLN-treated lenses’ data showed that BA-SLNs regulated the protein expression mode of cataract lenses to normal lenses. Our findings suggest that BA-SLNs may be a potential therapeutic agent in treating cataract by regulating protein expression and may also be a strong candidate for future clinical research.

Candidate genes identification and RNA-seq based pathway analysis associated with primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract

“…Clinically, cataract and glaucoma can coexist, which further increases the incidence rate of blindness [ 17 ]. Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of both glaucoma and cataract [ 18 , 19 ]. Moreover, apoptosis of human LECs, which is most severe under metabolic stress and oxidative damage, is believed to be the main cause of cataract formation [ 20 ].…”

Ophthalmic Nanosystems with Antioxidants for the Prevention and Treatment of Eye Diseases

“…A recent study showed significant antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of baicalin but also consistent antiviral effects [52]. In a recent study, solid lipid nanoparticles with baicalin proved to be an effective ROS scavenger by augmenting superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, as well as the level of glutathione [47].…”

“…This review of published data showed that ocular nanosystems with antioxidants presented significant protective effects against multiple ocular pathologies, demonstrated in specific in vivo or ex-vivo animal models. The studies by Li et al [47], Bodoki et al [41], and Anbukkarasi et al [43] used the selenite-induced cataract model in rodents, obtaining a reduction of the disease progression under treatment with nano entrapped antioxidants like baicalin, lutein, or silver. In this model, the antioxidant molecules protected the lens against oxidative damage caused by a toxic substance-sodium selenite.…”

Selenium-Containing Organic Fertilizer Application Affects Yield, Quality, and Distribution of Selenium in Wheat

“…It can not only boost the human immune system but also has a variety of positive effects such as detoxification by combining with heavy metals in the body [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Studies have revealed that Se may be associated with more than 40 diseases in humans and animals and that Se deficiency is not only a major cause of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and macrosomia [ 6 , 7 ] but also increases the risk of cancer, cataracts, and many other diseases [ 8 , 9 ]. However, the distribution of Se in the earth’s crust is extremely uneven, resulting in a severe Se deficiency in the soil of most countries and regions [ 10 ].…”