The Anti-Inflammatory and Vasodilating Effects of Three Selected Dietary Organic Sulfur Compounds from Allium Species

Abstract

The anti-inflammatory and vasodilating effects of three selected dietary organic sulfur compounds (OSC), including diallyl disulfide (DADS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and propyl disulfide (PDS), from Allium species were investigated. In the anti-inflammatory activity assay, the three OSC demonstrated significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in activated RAW 264.7 cells was inhibited by the three OSC, indicating that the three OSC prevented the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. For the vasodilative assay, the three OSC were ineffective in producing NO in SVEC4-10 cells, but they did enhance prostacyclin (PGI2) production. The expression of COX-2 in SVEC4-10 cells was activated by DADS and DMDS. Pretreatment of SVEC4-10 cells with the three OSC decreased ROS generation in H2O2-induced SVEC4-10 cells. In addition, the three OSC significantly inhibited angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE). The up-regulation of PGI2 production and COX-2 expression by DADS and DMDS and the reduction of ROS generation by DADS, DMDS, and PDS in SVEC4-10 cells contributed to the vasodilative effect of the three OSC. Collectively, these findings suggest that DADS, DMDS, and PDS are potential anti-inflammatory and vasodilative mediators.

Influence of saliva on individual in-mouth aroma release from raw cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra L.) and links to perception

“…Methanesulfenic acid is unstable and spontaneously undergoes disproportionation to generate the volatile compound methanethiol (MT, PubChem CID: 140171) which then dimerizes to form the odor active volatiles dimethyl disulfide (DMDS, PubChem CID: 12232) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS, PubChem CID: 19310) [14, 15]. SMSCO and its non-volatile decomposition products ( S- methyl methanethiosulfinate (PubChem CID: 95200), S -methyl methanethiosulfonate (PubChem CID: 18064)) exhibit anti-microbial, anti-carcinogenic and other physiological effects [7, 12, 16, 17].

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Naringenin attenuates highly active antiretroviral therapy‐induced spermDNAfragmentations and testicular toxicity in Sprague‐Dawley rats

“…Thus, there may be need to include an adjuvant therapy with PrEP in the form of a phytochemical such as a flavonoid especially in those desirous of pregnancy to protect against the reproductive toxicity associated with the use of some ARTs. This can be either through the improvement in the oxidative status (Dikshit et al ., ; Kumar & Tiku, ) or through other pathways such as antihypercholesterolemic (Dikshit et al ., ), antiangiogenic, anti‐ischemic, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and anti‐inflammatory activities (Chu et al ., ).…”

The Progress of Diallyl Disulfide in Anti-Cancer

“…Meanwhile, DADS can induce the inactivation of GSK-3(α/β) that can activate the NF-κB signaling cascade by enhancing the transcriptional activity of NF-κB in the nucleus by blocking its phosphorylation of serine residue 21/9 [124,125] . Previous studies have confirmed that DADS can obviously decrease ROS production as a natural antioxidant both in vivo and in vitro and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels by inhibiting the phosphorylation of IκBα and the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 to inactivate the NF-κB signaling pathways [126]. Subsequent researches have verified that DADS can inhibit the expression of iNOS and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in activated RAW 264.7 cells.…”