The anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of Picralima nitida on Shigella dysenteriae type I induced diarrhoea in rats

Kouitcheu, Laure Brigitte Mabeku; Tamesse, Joseph Lebel; Kouam, Jacques

doi:10.1186/1472-6882-13-211

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In vitro antimicrobial study showed an inhibitory activity of extract against Sd1 growth. Minimal inhibitory concentration and MBC values of O barrelieri aqueous extract were high compared to norfloxacin MIC value (0.5 to >256 μg/L), although they are closer to those reported for other plant extracts, eg, 0.8 mg/mL with the methanol extract of Picralima nitida , 1.17 mg/mL with aqueous extract of Mallotus oppositifolium , and 3.5 mg/mL with aqueous ethanol extract of Euphorbia prostrata ait . These results are probably due to the fact that this crude extract might contain less active compounds against this bacterial strain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…In vitro antimicrobial study showed an inhibitory activity of extract Picralima nitida, 41 1.17 mg/mL with aqueous extract of Mallotus oppositifolium, 32 and 3.5 mg/mL with aqueous ethanol extract of Euphorbia prostrata ait. 31 These results are probably due to the fact that this crude extract might contain less active compounds against this bacterial strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Effects ofOxalis barrelieriL. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced byShigella dysenteriaetype 1 in rats

Tagne

Noubissi

Fankem

et al. 2017

Health Science Reports

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Aim: Oxalis barrelieri is a medicinal plant commonly used in Cameroon, for the treatment of many diarrheal diseases. The antibacterial properties of O barrelieri aqueous extract (WOb) against Shigella dysenteriae type 1 were investigated in vitro and in vivo.Methods: Antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro by disc diffusion method and by macrodilution method. S dysenteriae type 1 at a dose of 1.2 × 10 9 CFU was administrated orally to rats to induce shigellosis. For 6 consecutive days, diarrheic rats were treated with O barrelieri aqueous extract (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) or norfloxacin (20 mg/kg BW). The diarrheal stool weight and S dysenteriae type 1 density were assessed during the treatment period, and death rate recorded. Nitric oxide production in blood and in colonic homogenate and blood parameterswere assessed, and the histological section of the colon was performed in the survivors. Results:The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of WOb were, respectively, 6 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL. The mean minimal bactericidal concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration ratio for WOb against S dysenteriae type 1 was high (˃4); WOb could be classified as a bacteriostatic drug. WOb significantly (P < .01) reduced bacterial density and diarrheal stool weight. WOb decreased nitric oxide production (P < .01) in the large intestine and protected the mucosa of the colon from bacterial destruction. Conclusion:The results suggest that O barrelieri aqueous extract possesses bacteriostatic and antidiarrheal activities and reduces damages caused to intestinal mucosa barrier by pathogenic mechanisms of Shigella. This extract could be used as an alternative therapeutic for infectious diarrhea. KEYWORDSantibacterial susceptibility, antidiarrheal activity, Oxalis barrelieri, rat, Shigella dysenteriae type 1 | INTRODUCTIONIn mammals, the gastrointestinal tract harbors various microbes that play an essential role in maintaining its physiological homeostasis. ------------------------------------------------------------------This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects ofOxalis barrelieriL. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced byShigella dysenteriaetype 1 in rats

Tagne

Noubissi

Fankem

et al. 2017

Health Science Reports

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“…However, if the interpretation of Kouitcheu et al, (2013) was taken into account, only nine extracts had MIC higher than 8 mg/mL on some germs, which means that all the other extracts of C. bernieri used showed antimicrobial activities. All the extracts had bactericidal action (MBC/MIC ≤ 4) in certain bacteria and bacteriostatic action (MBC/MIC >) 4) in other ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Dalmarco et al (2010), for crude extracts and fractions, a MIC lower than 100 µg/mL was considered as an excellent effect, from 100 to 500 µg/ml as moderate, from 500 to 1000 µg/mL as weak, and over 1000 µg/ml as inactive. According to Kouitcheu et al (2013), when a crude extract was used, the MIC values of 8 mg/mL or below against any microorganism tested was considered as active.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of extracts from Crotalaria bernieri Baill. (Fabaceae)

Andriamampianina¹,

Rakoto²,

Petit³

et al. 2016

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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This work was designed to study the antimicrobial activity of Crotalaria bernieri Baill. (Fabaceae). Extracts from leaf, root, pod and seed using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were tested in vitro for their activity against 17 bacteria, 5 fungi (3 yeasts and 2 molds) using disc diffusion and micro dilution methods. At the concentration of 1 mg/disc, all the extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity depending on the plant part and the extraction method used. The most sensitive germs were Salmonella enteridis, Streptococcus pyogenes and Candida guilliermondii with inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 11 mm, 15 mm and 13 mm respectively. Most of extracts showed, broad activity spectrum varying from one extract to another. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of all extracts were recorded. Ten extracts displayed an excellent effect (MIC < 100 µg/ml), 8 a moderate effect (MIC from 100 to 500 µg/ml), 5 a weak effect (MIC from 500 to 1000 µg/ml) and the others were ineffective (MIC > 1000 µg/ml). Leaf methanol extracts were the most efficient and Gram positive bacteria the most sensitive. All extracts had bactericidal (MBC/MIC ≤ 4) or fungicidal action (MFC/MIC ≤ 4) in certain microorganisms and bacteriostatic (MBC/MIC > 4) or fungistatic action (MFC/MIC > 4) in others. Antimicrobial activity might be due to tannins, polyphenols, steroids, triterpenes and flavonoids that were present in most of the plant organs, but alkaloids in leaf and pod and saponosides in root might also be involved. C. bernieri with the effectiveness of all its parts, the variety of its secondary metabolites, the great number of sensitive pathogen microorganisms and its ubiquity make this plant species an interesting source of antimicrobial agents.

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“…On the other hand, the fruits are used for the management of painful menstruation and disorder of the gastrointestinal tract [12,16]. Pharmacological investigations have proved that this plant also possesses anti-plasmodial [17], anti-diarrheic [18,19], anti-diabetic [20], analgesic [21], opioid [22], antimicrobial [23,24], antiinflammatory [21,25], anti-pyretic [26], trypanocidal [27], anti-Shigellosis [28], as well as anti-leishmanial [29] potencies. Despite the vast ethnomedical and scientific reports on the therapeutic efficacy of this plant, detailed toxicological studies and research observations associated this plant with some level of toxicity especially in higher doses and in immunecompromised animal subjects [14,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Profile and Some Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats Treated with Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Picralima nitida

Mbegbu

Odo

Edeh

et al. 2017

JAMPS

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Aim:To evaluate the effects of graded doses of ethanolic stem bark extract of Picralima nitida on haematological profile, some serum reproductive hormones, sperm reserves and testicular histomorphology of male albino rats. Study Design: Thirty male albino rats, weighing between 120 and 200 grams were randomly assigned into six groups of five rats each. Group A received 0.5 ml of distilled water (normal control). Groups B, C and D received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the extract respectively. Group E received 2.5 mg/kg BW of CdCl 2 (negative control), while Group F received 5 mg/kg BW of Sildenafil (positive control); orally every other day for six weeks. Place and Duration of Study: Methodology: At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected for haematology and Mbegbu et al.; JAMPS, 14(1): 1-14, 2017; Article no.JAMPS.34359 2 serology, whereas testicular sections were collected for histopathology following the standards procedures. Data obtained were analyzed by One-way ANOVA. Results: The result showed that all doses of the extract increased neutrophil count, but decreased (P < 0.05) monocyte and RBC counts; 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the extract decreased (P < 0.05) PCV values; and only 400 mg/kg of the extract reduced (P < 0.05) HB values. 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the extract, and 2.5 mg/kg BW of CdCl 2 decreased (P < 0.05) serum testosterone and sperm counts. The normal control, 100 mg/kg BW of the extract and 5 mg/kg BW of Sildenafil had normal testicular histoarchitecture; whereas 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the extract, and 2.5 mg/kg BW of CdCl 2 had slight, moderate and severe degeneration of the germinal epithelium and interstitium, with depletion of sperm cells in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules respectively. Conclusion: This study revealed that treatment with ethanolic stem bark extract of Picralima nitida above 100 mg/kg BW adversely affected haematological and reproductive parameters in male albino rats. Original Research Article

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The anti-shigellosis activity of the methanol extract of Picralima nitida on Shigella dysenteriae type I induced diarrhoea in rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Effects ofOxalis barrelieriL. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced byShigella dysenteriaetype 1 in rats

Effects ofOxalis barrelieriL. (Oxalidaceae) aqueous extract on diarrhea induced byShigella dysenteriaetype 1 in rats

Antimicrobial activity of extracts from Crotalaria bernieri Baill. (Fabaceae)

Haematological Profile and Some Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats Treated with Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Picralima nitida

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