The anti-tumor activities of cerebrosides derived from sea cucumber <i>Acaudina molpadioides</i> and starfish <i>Asterias amurensis in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>

Comparative Study of EPA-enriched Phosphatidylcholine and EPA-enriched Phosphatidylserine on Lipid Metabolism in Mice

“…After cDNA synthesis, quantitative RT-PCR was performed in the Bio-Rad iCycler iQ5 system as described previously 24 . The gene expression was determined by relative quantification using the standard curve method.…”

The Protective Effects of Cerebrosides from Sea Cucumber and Starfish on the Oxidative Damage in PC12 Cells

“…Recent reports have shown that sea cucumber Stichopus variegates sphingoid bases e.g. d17:1, 4, 8-sphingadienine d18:2 , d18:3 and d19:3 have strong cytotoxicity against some colon cancer cell lines via induction of apoptosis 39 , and the cerebrosides derived from the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides and the starfish Asterias amurensis had anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo, the different effect might depend on their different structure 21 . The soya-cerebroside exhibited a Ca 2 -binding activity in a glass-cell apparatus W-08 and a Ca 2 -permeation ability across the human erythrocyte membrane, induced nerve damage, and the main long-chain base was C18-4, 8-diunsaturated 40 .…”

“…Several studies have shown that the global shutdown of mitochondrial function under conditions of oxidative stress could contribute to apoptosis 33 . Bcl-2 family genes regulate apoptosis mainly via the mitochondrial pathway 21 . Bcl-2 is the first mammalian regulator gene that was identified to have anti-apoptotic potential in a variety of cell systems, intracellular Bcl-2 expression increases can block cell apoptosis related with ROS 34 .…”

“…1 μg of total RNA from each sample was converted to first strand cDNA using MMLV reverse transcriptase and random primers. Quantitative real-time PCR assay was carried out as described previously 21 . The prime sequences are listed in Table 1.…”

“…The glycosphingolipids of marine invertebrates, including sea cucumber and starfish, have unique sphingoid bases with a conjugated diene 19 . Recent research have found that sea cucumber cerebrosides SCC can attenuate the rat fatty liver induced by orotic acid 20 , and starfish cerebrosides SFC has significant antitumor effects in vitro and vivo 21 .…”