The anti‐tussive, anti‐inflammatory effects and sub‐chronic toxicological evaluation of perilla seed oil

Abstract

BACKGROUND Perilla seed oil (PSO) is the main constituent of perilla seeds currently being used in the food industry, however it also has great clinical potential in the regulation of lung function as a nutrition supplement because of the high content of α‐linolenic acid (ALA). In this study, the pharmacological activities including anti‐tussive, expectorant and anti‐inflammatory effect of PSO were performed. Furthermore, the 90‐day sub‐chronic oral toxicity with a 30 day recovery period was evaluated in Wistar rats. RESULTS The pharmacological studies demonstrated that PSO inhibited cough frequency induced by capsaicine in mice. PSO also inhibited the leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release from the calcium ionophore A23187‐induced polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) to some extent. In this sub‐chronic toxicity study, mortality, clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, organ weight, necropsy, and histopathology were used to evaluate the toxicity of PSO. Lower body weight and various negative impacts on liver related parameters without histopathological lesion were observed in the 16 g kg−1 groups. No clinically significant changes were discovered in the 4 g kg−1 group during the test period. CONCLUSION In summary, PSO exhibited anti‐tussive and anti‐inflammatory activities in vivo and in vitro. These sub‐chronic toxicity studies inferred that the ‘no‐observed adverse effect level’ (NOAEL) of PSO in Wistar rats was determined to be 4 g kg−1. These results may provide a safety profile and a valuable reference for the use of PSO. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Separation and anti‐inflammatory evaluation of phytochemical constituents from Pleurospermum candollei (Apiaceae) by high‐speed countercurrent chromatography with continuous sample load

“…In the present study, trans ‐asarone played important role in inhibition of NO production at 200, 100, 50, 10, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.1, and 0.05 μM in the presence of LPS. Similarly, α‐linolenic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, and an essential fatty acid needed for human health has been reported for anti‐inflammatory properties [39]. The inhibitory effect of α‐linolenic acid was studied previously [40].…”

The Genome of the Korean Island-Originated Perilla citriodora ‘Jeju17’ Sheds Light on Its Environmental Adaptation and Fatty Acid and Lipid Production Pathways

“…In the last decade, Perilla has captured the attention of scientists due to its rich diversity of phytochemical compounds, including volatile oils, flavonoids, triterpenes, tocopherols, phytosterols, polycosanols, quinines, steroids, alkaloids, fatty acids, and others [8,9]. Therefore, Perilla presents diverse health-promoting benefits such as anti-cancer [10][11][12], antiinflammatory [13,14], anti-cough [15], antioxidant [16][17][18], anti-depressive [19][20][21][22], and anti-allergic [23,24] properties. Perilla oil has a unique fatty acid composition that is high (50-60%) in vegetable omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA, about 70%) and a-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3, ω−3, about 60-68%) [25].…”

Bioavailability and biotransformation of linolenic acid from basil seed oil as a novel source of omega-3 fatty acids tested on a rat experimental model

“…11 Omega-3 fatty acids in general, and, specifically, linolenic acid, have received increased attention for their anti-inflammatory properties. 12 The inclusion of ALA-rich oil in a high-fat diet inhibited foam cell formation in atherosclerosis, 13 leukotriene B4 (LTB4) release in some respiratory diseases, 14 and decreased expression of NFκB-p65 and SREBP-1c in subclinical mastitis. 15 These effects could be mediated by EPA, DHA and ARA acid metabolites which are precursors for the synthesis of specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) as resolvins, protectins, maresins and lipoxins, 16 as well as, SPMs derived from n-3 DPA with an important role in the resolution of inflammation.…”