The antibacterial activity of oleandomycin and erythromycin—a comparative investigation using microcalorimetry and MIC determination

Semenitz, E

doi:10.1093/jac/4.5.455

Cited by 11 publications

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“…The same group concluded that if the heatflow curves of the calorimetric measurement are delayed and no change in slope could be determined, the inhibitory compound is only bacteriostatic – acting by reducing the initial bacterial cell count. A 1978 study by Semenitz [16] measured the MIC's of oleandomycin and erythromycin against S. aureus . He used an early "flow calorimeter" and its resolution was not at the same level as the sealed-ampoule calorimeters used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isothermal micro calorimetry – a new method for MIC determinations: results for 12 antibiotics and reference strains of E. coli and S. aureus

Wirz

Daniels

2009

BMC Microbiology

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BackgroundAntimicrobial susceptibility testing of microorganisms is performed by either disc diffusion or broth dilution tests. In clinical use, the tests are often still performed manually although automated systems exist. Most systems, however, are based on turbidometric methods which have well-known drawbacks.ResultsIn this study we evaluated isothermal micro calorimetry (IMC) for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 12 antibiotics for five micro-organisms. Here we present the data for the 12 antibiotics and two representative microorganisms E. coli (a Gram-) and S. aureus (a Gram+). IMC was able to determine the MICs correctly according to CLSI values. Since MICs require 24 hours, time was not reduced. However, IMC provided new additional data – a continuous record of heat-producing bacterial activity (e.g. growth) in calorimetry ampoules at subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations. Key features of the heatflow (P) and aggregate heat (Q) vs. time curves were identified (tdelay and ΔQ/Δt respectively). Antibiotics with similar modes of action proved to have similar effects on tdelay and/or ΔQ/Δt.ConclusionIMC can be a powerful tool for determining the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms in vitro. It easily provides accurate MICs – plus a potential means for analyzing and comparing the modes of action of antibiotics at subinhibitory concentrations. Also IMC is completely passive, so after evaluation, ampoule contents (media, bacteria, etc.) can be analyzed by any other method desired.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isothermal micro calorimetry – a new method for MIC determinations: results for 12 antibiotics and reference strains of E. coli and S. aureus

Wirz

Daniels

2009

BMC Microbiology

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“…On the other hand, Semenitz (30) reported much higher MIC values for diphenhydramine that ranged from 1.8 to 15 mg/ml. However, certain members of phenothiazine antihistaminics were shown to have MIC that ranged mostly between 10 and 200 µg/ml against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains (16,18,21,27,29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In vitro antibacterial activity of some antihistaminics belonging to different groups against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates

El-Nakeeb¹,

Abou-Shleib²,

Khalil³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Antihistaminics are widely used for various indications during microbial infection. Hence, this paper investigates the antimicrobial activities of 10 antihistaminics belonging to both old and new generations using multiresistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical isolates. The bacteriostatic activity of antihistaminics was investigated by determining their MIC both by broth and agar dilution techniques against 29 bacterial strains. Azelastine, cyproheptadine, mequitazine and promethazine were the most active among the tested drugs. Diphenhydramine and cetirizine possessed weaker activity whereas doxylamine, fexofenadine and loratadine were inactive even at the highest tested concentration (1 mg/ml). The MIC of meclozine could not be determined as it precipitated with the used culture media. The MBC values of antihistaminics were almost identical to the corresponding MIC values. The bactericidal activity of antihistaminics was also studied by the viable count technique in sterile saline solution. Evident killing effects were exerted by mequitazine, meclozine, azelastine and cyproheptadine. Moreover, the dynamics of bactericidal activity of azelastine were studied by the viable count technique in nutrient broth. This activity was found to be concentration-dependant. This effect was reduced on increasing the inoculum size while it was increased on raising the pH. The post-antimicrobial effect of 100 g/ml azelastine was also determined and reached up to 3.36 h.

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“…Although the transmembranous electrical potential (AV) is indicated as the driving force for aminoglycoside entry, quinone-deficient mutants with a normal At have a significantly lower uptake of gentamicin (9). These studies support the view that electron transport may have some specific role other than its requirement to produce cellular At.In this investigation, we have utilized the calorimetric technique to analyze the interplay between aminoglycosides and respiratory chain activity.Extensive data have been gathered on microbial growth and metabolism by using calorimet-y (4,6,7,(22)(23)(24)29).This technique has also demonstrated its usefulness in investigations of the activities of various antibacterial and antifungal drugs (3,13,21,25,26,31,32). Most of these studies, however, did not correlate different power contributions with different catabolic pathways in the bacterial cell.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique has also demonstrated its usefulness in investigations of the activities of various antibacterial and antifungal drugs (3,13,21,25,26,31,32). Most of these studies, however, did not correlate different power contributions with different catabolic pathways in the bacterial cell.…”

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confidence: 99%

Suppression of tricarboxylic acid cycle in Escherichia coli exposed to sub-MICs of aminoglycosides

Cavallero

Eftimiadi

Radin

et al. 1990

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The metabolic activity of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 challenged with sub-MICs of aminoglycosides was analyzed with a batch calorimeter. High-performance and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques were utilized to evaluate the concentrations of metabolic reactants, intermediates, and end products. The data reported indicate that aminoglycosides inhibit or delay bacterial catabolism of carboxylic acids, with the following relative degrees of activity: amikacin > gentamicin > sisomicin > netilmicin > kanamycin. The decrease in total biomass production was proportional to the degree of tricarboxylic acid cycle inhibition.Since the discovery of streptomycin in 1944, the mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics has attracted considerable interest. Studies have revealed that a complex set of conditions may influence their uptake and pleiotropic effects (14,19,20).The uptake of these antibiotics was demonstrated to be dependent on different mechanisms: an initial energy-independent phase associated with ionic binding to the bacterial cell surface, followed by slow (EDPI) and fast (EDPII) energy-dependent steps. Binding of aminoglycosides to ribosomes is required for initiation of the latter phase (8,10,11,19,20,33).Electron transport through the respiratory chain has been shown to provide the energy required for the energy-dependent uptake (1, 2, [10][11][12]28). Although the transmembranous electrical potential (AV) is indicated as the driving force for aminoglycoside entry, quinone-deficient mutants with a normal At have a significantly lower uptake of gentamicin (9). These studies support the view that electron transport may have some specific role other than its requirement to produce cellular At.In this investigation, we have utilized the calorimetric technique to analyze the interplay between aminoglycosides and respiratory chain activity.Extensive data have been gathered on microbial growth and metabolism by using calorimet-y (4,6,7,(22)(23)(24)29).This technique has also demonstrated its usefulness in investigations of the activities of various antibacterial and antifungal drugs (3,13,21,25,26,31,32). Most of these studies, however, did not correlate different power contributions with different catabolic pathways in the bacterial cell. If no relationship between these two is established, measurement of power production represents merely a nonspecific parameter of bacterial viability and thus conveys no information on the antibiotic effect at the biochemical level. In this investigation, each component of the thermograms produced by Escherichia coli growing in Mueller-Hinton broth was correlated to the sequential activation of the catabolic pathways operating in the bacteria (27).Our findings indicate that aminoglycosides inhibit carboxylic acid catabolism and electron flow through the respiratory chain.* Corresponding author. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strain. E. coli ATCC 25922 (Bactrol disks; Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) was utilized. Several other strains isolated from clinical specimens w...

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The antibacterial activity of oleandomycin and erythromycin—a comparative investigation using microcalorimetry and MIC determination

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Isothermal micro calorimetry – a new method for MIC determinations: results for 12 antibiotics and reference strains of E. coli and S. aureus

Isothermal micro calorimetry – a new method for MIC determinations: results for 12 antibiotics and reference strains of E. coli and S. aureus

In vitro antibacterial activity of some antihistaminics belonging to different groups against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates

Suppression of tricarboxylic acid cycle in Escherichia coli exposed to sub-MICs of aminoglycosides

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