The Antinociceptive and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities of Aspidosperma tomentosum (Apocynaceae)

Abstract

We investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the crude ethanolic extract (CEE), its fractions, and the flavonoid isorhamnetin from Aspidosperma tomentosum using models of nociception and inflammation in mice. In the writhing test, the CEE and its fractions (except for soluble phase, CHCl3 100% and EtAcO 100%) at 100 mg/kg p.o. induced antinociceptive activity. Isorhamnetin (100 μmol/kg, p.o.) was also active. In the hot plate test, only the treatment with the fractions Hex : CHCl3 50%, CHCl3 100%, and CHCl3 : MeOH 5% (100 mg/kg, p.o.) increased the latency time, reversed by the opioid antagonist naloxone. Fractions that were active in the hot plate test did not show catalepsy condition. It was observed that CEE, all fractions, and isorhamnetin reduced the formalin effects in the neurogenic phase. In the inflammatory phase, only CEE, isorhamnetin, and CHCl3 100% and CHCl3 : MeOH 5% fractions were active. CEE and all fractions, except for CHCl3 : MeOH 10% fraction, isorhamnetin, and soluble fraction were able to produce an antioedematogenic activity in the ear capsaicin-induced edema test. In the thioglycolate-induced peritonitis, only EtAcO 100% fraction was not active. The results demonstrate that A. tomentosum has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in animal models.

Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Ethanolic Extract, of Fractions and of Epicatechin Isolated from the Stem Bark of Ximenia americana L. (Oleacaceae)

“…10 With the purpose of identifying plants ant natural products with pharmacological activities, our research group performed previous ethnopharmacological studies with many plants with antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities. [11][12][13] Thus, the major aim of the current study was to evaluate the ethanol extract, fractions and one pure compound, an epicatechin derivative obtained from the stem bark of X. americana, for their antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities. In vitro models were used to help in the assessment of their medicinal properties, supporting the ethnopharmacological use of this plant.…”

Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Methanol Extract of Ormosia coccinea (Aubl.) Jacks in vivo

“…The intraperitoneal administration of agents that irritate serous membranes provokes a stereotyped behaviour in the mice which is characterized by abdominal contractions, movements of the body as a whole and twisting of the dorso-abdominal muscles [22] and a reduction in motor activity and motor incoordination [23]. It has been suggested that acetic acid injection into peritoneal cavity leads to increased levels of cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenase [24] and indirectly leads to the release of endogenous nociceptive mediators such as PGE 2 and PGF 2α [5,20,[25][26][27][28][29][30], serotonin [22,25,26,29,30], histamine [22,26,30,31], bradykinin [21,22,24], substance P [24,25], cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8) [21,24,25,29] and lipoxygenase products [20], which eventually excites the primary afferent nociceptors [25] that contribute to the development of inflammatory pain [22]. The data presented in Fig.…”

Aspidosperma Terpenoid Alkaloids — Biosynthetic Origin, Chemical Synthesis and Importance

“…We have identified in A. pyrifolium insecticidal [90], antibacterial [91] and hypotensive activities [92]. Another plant studied by our group was A. tomentosum, which showed great anti-hipertensive [93,94], antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and analgesic [95][96][97][98] and A. macrocarpum, which showed anti-hypertensive activity in spontaneously hypertensive mice [99].…”