The antioxidant properties of carnitine in vitro

Solarska, Katarzyna; Lewińska, Anna; Karowicz-Bilińska, Agata; Bartosz, Grzegorz

doi:10.2478/s11658-009-0036-y

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, we cannot conclude with certainty that this effect was only due to L-carnitine supplementation, since these patients were also treated with protein-restricted diets plus synthetic amino acid formulas. However, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have reported antioxidant and antiperoxidative effects for L-carnitine, which is able to act as a metal chelator, scavenger of oxygen reactive species, as well as increase enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants levels (Vanella et al 2000;Reznick et al 1992;Derin et al 2004;Rani and Panneerselvam 2002;Solarska et al 2010;Gülçin 2006;Sitta et al 2009). Furthermore, it should be emphasized that because the toxic effects of the accumulating metabolites in MMA and PA patients, the beneficial effects of L-carnitine supplementation, such as correction of secondary carnitine deficiency, removal of short-chain acyl-CoA derivatives, and restoration of intramitochondrial acyl-CoA/CoA ratios, may improve the metabolic status of these patients (Ribas et al 2010a;Walter 2003), contributing to lower levels of oxidative damage observed in MMA and PA patients during treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oxidative Stress Parameters in Urine from Patients with Disorders of Propionate Metabolism: a Beneficial Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation

et al. 2011

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Propionic (PA) and methylmalonic (MMA) acidurias are inherited disorders caused by deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, respectively. Affected patients present acute metabolic crises in the neonatal period and long-term neurological deficits. Treatments of these diseases include a protein restricted diet and L: -carnitine supplementation. L: -Carnitine is widely used in the therapy of these diseases to prevent secondary L: -carnitine deficiency and promote detoxification, and several recent in vitro and in vivo studies have reported antioxidant and antiperoxidative effects of this compound. In this study, we evaluated the oxidative stress parameters, isoprostane and di-tyrosine levels, and the antioxidant capacity, in urine from patients with PA and MMA at the diagnosis, and during treatment with L: -carnitine and protein-restricted diet. We verified a significant increase of isoprostanes and di-tyrosine, as well as a significant reduction of the antioxidant capacity in urine from these patients at diagnosis, as compared to controls. Furthermore, treated patients presented a marked reduction of isoprostanes and di-tyrosine levels in relation to untreated patients. In addition, patients with higher levels of protein and lipid oxidative damage, determined by di-tyrosine and isoprostanes levels, also presented lower urinary concentrations of total and free L: -carnitine. In conclusion, the present results indicate that treatment with low protein diet and L: -carnitine significantly reduces urinary biomarkers of protein and lipid oxidative damage in patients with disorders of propionate metabolism and that L: -carnitine supplementation may be specially involved in this protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oxidative Stress Parameters in Urine from Patients with Disorders of Propionate Metabolism: a Beneficial Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation

et al. 2011

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“…In contrast to ONOO -, HClO does not induce hemoglobin oxidation; however, it induces marked hemolysis [26,38,48]. It is believed that HClO-induced erythrocyte hemolysis can result from the production of phospholipid chlorohydrins in the cell membrane as well as by formation of nonselective pores [26,38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilization of erythrocytes against oxidative and hypotonic stress by tannins isolated from sumac leaves (Rhus typhina L.) and grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.)

Olchowik

Lotkowski

Mavlyanov

et al. 2012

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Erythrocytes are constantly exposed to ROS due to their function in the organism. High tension of oxygen, presence of hemoglobin iron and high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane make erythrocytes especially susceptible to oxidative stress. A comparison of the antioxidant activities of polyphenol-rich plant extracts containing hydrolysable tannins from sumac leaves (Rhus typhina L.) and condensed tannins from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.) showed that at the 5-50 µg/ml concentration range they reduced to the same extent hemolysis and glutathione, lipid and hemoglobin oxidation induced by erythrocyte treatment with 400 µM ONOO -or 1 mM HClO. However, extract (condensed tannins) from grape seeds in comparison with extract (hydrolysable tannins) from sumac leaves stabilized erythrocytes in hypotonic NaCl solutions weakly. Our data indicate that both hydrolysable and condensed tannins significantly decrease the fluidity of the surface of erythrocyte membranes but the effect of hydrolysable ones was more profound. In conclusion, our results indicate that extracts from sumac leaves (hydrolysable tannins) and grape seeds (condensed tannins) are very effective protectors against oxidative damage in erythrocytes.

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“…They can interfere with the oxidation process by reacting with free radicals, chelating free catalytic metals and also by acting as oxygen scavengers [1,2,3]. Different biological models are widely used in order to evaluate efficacy of novel antioxidants and mechanisms of their action [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of placenta extracts against nitrite-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes

Rozanova

Cherkashina

Repina

et al. 2012

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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Aqueous-saline human placenta extract (HPE) is known to possess antioxidant activity due to the high concentration of bioactive substances. This fact allows its application in clinical practice in order to treat oxidation-induced diseases. Extract antioxidant activity is mainly conditioned by proteins. Freezing of extracts has been shown to lead to their antioxidant activity increasing due to protein conformation changes. Different biological models are widely used in order to evaluate efficacy of novel antioxidants and mechanisms of their action. One such model appears to be erythrocytes under nitrite-induced oxidative stress. Nitrite is known to be able to penetrate erythrocyte membrane and to oxidize hemoglobin. In order to investigate whether HPE is able to decrease nitrite-induced oxidative injuries and to evaluate the protein contribution to this process, spectrophotometric and electron spin resonance (ESR) assays were used. Experimental data have revealed that antioxidant activity of extracts and of some of their fractions correlates with methemoglobin concentration lowering. Preliminary erythrocyte incubation with an extract fraction of 12 kDa allows preservation of the structural-dynamic cytosol state the closest to the control.

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The antioxidant properties of carnitine in vitro

Cited by 43 publications

References 18 publications

Oxidative Stress Parameters in Urine from Patients with Disorders of Propionate Metabolism: a Beneficial Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation

Oxidative Stress Parameters in Urine from Patients with Disorders of Propionate Metabolism: a Beneficial Effect of l-Carnitine Supplementation

Stabilization of erythrocytes against oxidative and hypotonic stress by tannins isolated from sumac leaves (Rhus typhina L.) and grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.)

Protective effect of placenta extracts against nitrite-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes

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