The Apocarotenoid Zaxinone Is a Positive Regulator of Strigolactone and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Roots

Ablazov, Abdugaffor; Mi, Jianing; Jamil, Muhammad; Jia, Kun-Peng; Wang, Jian You; Feng, Qitong; Al‐Babili, Salim

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00578

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…More recently, it has been demonstrated that SL biosynthesis is regulated by zaxinone, a novel endogenous carotenoid‐derived molecule, in Arabidopsis and rice (Wang et al ., 2019; Ablazov et al ., 2020). In rice, zaxinone negatively regulates SL biosynthesis in roots under both normal and phosphorus‐deficient conditions.…”

Section: Regulation Of Sl Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strigolactone biosynthesis, transport and perception

2020

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Summary Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that regulate diverse developmental processes and environmental responses. They are also known to be root‐derived chemical signals that regulate symbiotic and parasitic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasitic plants, respectively. Since the discovery of the hormonal function of SLs in 2008, there has been much progress in the SL research field. In particular, a number of breakthroughs have been achieved in our understanding of SL biosynthesis, transport and perception. The discovery of the hormonal function of SL was quite valuable not only as the identification of a new class of plant hormones, but also as the discovery of the long‐sought‐after SL biosynthetic and response mutants. These mutants in several plant species provided us the genetic resources to address fundamental questions regarding SL biosynthesis and perception. Such mutants were further characterized later, and biochemical analyses of these genetically identified factors have uncovered the outline of SL biosynthesis and perception so far. Moreover, new genes involved in SL transport have been discovered through reverse genetic analyses. In this review, we summarize recent advances in SL research with a focus on biosynthesis, transport and perception.

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Section: Regulation Of Sl Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, in Arabidopsis roots, zaxinone induced MAX3 and MAX4 under normal and phosphate‐starved conditions. The increased MeCLA levels were also observed in zaxinone‐treated roots (Ablazov et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Regulation Of Sl Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Strigolactone biosynthesis, transport and perception

2020

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“…In contrast to rice, a very recent publication by Ablazov et al . showed that zaxinone is a positive regulator of SL and ABA biosynthesis and does not promote Arabidopsis root growth (Ablazov et al ., 2020). The same study also showed that exogenous zaxinone application reduces Arabidopsis hypocotyl growth by increasing ABA content (Ablazov et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Cyclic and Acyclic Apocarotenoids With Signaling Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…showed that zaxinone is a positive regulator of SL and ABA biosynthesis and does not promote Arabidopsis root growth (Ablazov et al ., 2020). The same study also showed that exogenous zaxinone application reduces Arabidopsis hypocotyl growth by increasing ABA content (Ablazov et al ., 2020). The presence of zaxinone in Arabidopsis and its effect on hormone homeostasis shows the occurrence of ZAS‐independent routes for zaxinone synthesis and indicates a general growth regulatory activity in AM and non‐AM plant species.…”

Section: Cyclic and Acyclic Apocarotenoids With Signaling Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enzymatic and non‐enzymatic oxidation of β‐carotene also gives rise to other volatile compounds (Figure 1), including β‐ionone and dihydroactinidiolide (dhA) that are involved in a plant–herbivore interaction and 1 O 2 signaling and photoacclimation, respectively (Wei et al ., 2011; Shumbe et al ., 2014). The action of other CCDs on zeaxanthin (or lutein) led to the production of apocarotenoids (Figure 1) involved in arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis (i.e., mycorradicin, blumenols) (Lopez‐Raez et al ., 2015; Wang et al ., 2018), plant–plant and plant–herbivore interaction (i.e., loliolide) (Kong et al ., 2018; Murata et al ., 2019b), and hormone metabolism and growth regulation (i.e., zaxinone) (Wang et al ., 2019; Ablazov et al ., 2020). In addition, cleavage of violaxanthin (and probably all carotenoids downstream of ζ‐carotene) produces anchorene (Figure 1), a diapocarotenoid involved in growth stimulation of anchor roots (ANR; Jia et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant apocarotenoids: from retrograde signaling to interspecific communication

et al. 2021

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Summary Carotenoids are isoprenoid compounds synthesized by all photosynthetic and some non‐photosynthetic organisms. They are essential for photosynthesis and contribute to many other aspects of a plant's life. The oxidative breakdown of carotenoids gives rise to the formation of a diverse family of essential metabolites called apocarotenoids. This metabolic process either takes place spontaneously through reactive oxygen species or is catalyzed by enzymes generally belonging to the CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE family. Apocarotenoids include the phytohormones abscisic acid and strigolactones (SLs), signaling molecules and growth regulators. Abscisic acid and SLs are vital in regulating plant growth, development and stress response. SLs are also an essential component in plants’ rhizospheric communication with symbionts and parasites. Other apocarotenoid small molecules, such as blumenols, mycorradicins, zaxinone, anchorene, β‐cyclocitral, β‐cyclogeranic acid, β‐ionone and loliolide, are involved in plant growth and development, and/or contribute to different processes, including arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis, abiotic stress response, plant–plant and plant–herbivore interactions and plastid retrograde signaling. There are also indications for the presence of structurally unidentified linear cis‐carotene‐derived apocarotenoids, which are presumed to modulate plastid biogenesis and leaf morphology, among other developmental processes. Here, we provide an overview on the biology of old, recently discovered and supposed plant apocarotenoid signaling molecules, describing their biosynthesis, developmental and physiological functions, and role as a messenger in plant communication.

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Strigolactone biosynthesis in rice can occur via a 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐10′‐apo‐β‐carotenal intermediate

Wang,

Chen,

Balakrishna

et al. 2024

FEBS Letters

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Strigolactones (SLs) play a crucial role in regulating plant architecture and mediating rhizosphere interactions. They are synthesized from all‐trans‐β‐carotene converted into the intermediate carlactone (CL) via the intermediate 9‐cis‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal. Recent studies indicate that plants can also synthesize 3‐OH‐CL from all‐trans‐β‐zeaxanthin via the intermediate 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal. However, the question of whether plants can form bioactive SLs from 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal remains elusive. In this study, we supplied the 13C‐labeled 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal to rice seedlings and monitored the synthesis of SLs using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and Striga bioassay. We further validated the biological activity of 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal‐derived SLs using the ccd7/d17 SL‐deficient mutant, which demonstrated increased Striga seed‐germinating activity and partial rescue of tiller numbers and plant height. Our results establish 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐β‐apo‐10′‐carotenal as a significant SL biosynthetic intermediate with implications for understanding plant hormonal functions and potential applications in agriculture.

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The Apocarotenoid Zaxinone Is a Positive Regulator of Strigolactone and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Roots

Cited by 55 publications

References 70 publications

Strigolactone biosynthesis, transport and perception

Strigolactone biosynthesis, transport and perception

Plant apocarotenoids: from retrograde signaling to interspecific communication

Strigolactone biosynthesis in rice can occur via a 9‐cis‐3‐OH‐10′‐apo‐β‐carotenal intermediate

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