THE APPARENT WATER-PERMEABILITY OF <i>CARCINUS MAENAS</i> (CRUSTACEA, BRACHYURA, PORTUNIDAE) AS A FUNCTION OF SALINITY

Smith, Ralph I.

doi:10.2307/1540089

Cited by 66 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The authors proposed the hypothesis that the results may be explained in terms of changes in AWP, a physiological response to low salinity counteracting the physicochemically driven increases in free zinc ion availability. Chan et al (1992) hypothesised that the AWP of the Scottish crabs would decrease with reduced salinity, in line with the results of Smith (1970) then available in the literature (later to be extended by Rasmussen & Bjerregaard (1995) and Rasmussen & Andersen (1996)). By contrast, the Danish crabs with a lifetime history of exposure to low salinity would be expected to already exhibit a low AWP, causing a low zinc uptake rate and with smaller subsequent changes in AWP matching the physicochemical effects serving to increase the zinc uptake rate with salinity reduction (Chan et al 1992, Rainbow 1995.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Some crustaceans have the ability to alter integumental permeability as a physiological response to salinity change (Rasmussen & Andersen 1996, Rainbow & Black 2001 and this response may correspondingly affect trace metal uptake rates (Rainbow 1997). These crustaceans include the crab Carcinus maenas (Smith 1970, Rasmussen & Bjerregaard 1995, Rasmussen & Andersen 1996, the caridean decapods Crangon crangon, Palaemon longirostris and Palaemonetes varians (Campbell & Jones 1990) and the amphipod Gammarus duebeni (Bolt 1983). Chan et al (1992) interpreted some apparently anomalous results of the effect of reduced salinities on zinc (and cadmium) uptake rates in the shore crab Carcinus maenas in terms of apparent water permeabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of changes in salinity and osmolality on the rate of uptake of zinc by three crabs of different ecologies

Rainbow¹,

Black²

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of salinity and osmolality differences on the uptake rates of dissolved zinc were investigated in 3 crabs of different ecologies -the euryhaline common shore crab Carcinus maenas, the extremely euryhaline Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, and a more stenohaline marine crab, the velvet swimming crab Necora puber. Reduced salinities caused increases in the zinc uptake rate of E. sinensis as expected from the free metal ion model, with increased free zinc ion availabilities in conditions of reduced chloride complexation. In the cases of C. maenas and N. puber, however, reduced salinity was associated with reduced zinc uptake, a result interpreted in terms of a physiological response by these crabs to low salinity offsetting the physicochemical effect of increased free zinc ion availability. Results can be partly explained by reported changes in apparent water permeability (AWP) made by the crabs to low salinity, although experiments manipulating solution osmotic pressures independently of salinity (and therefore chloride concentrations) indicate that other physiological responses may also be coming into effect. The interaction of physiology and physicochemistry in controlling trace metal uptake from solution clearly varies between species.KEY WORDS: Zinc uptake · Salinity · Osmolality · Crabs · Carcinus maenas · Eriocheir sinensis · Necora puber Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of changes in salinity and osmolality on the rate of uptake of zinc by three crabs of different ecologies

Rainbow¹,

Black²

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Certain crustaceans such as Carclnus maenas (Smith 1970) Gammarus duebeni (Lockwood & Inman 1973, Bolt 1983 and Palaemon longirostris (Campbell & Jones 1990) show a decrease in apparent water permeability (AWP) in low salinity, probably reflecting real changes in integumental permeability (Mantel & Farmer 1983, Campbell & Jones 1990.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses and the uptake of cadmium and zinc by the amphipod crustacean Orchestia gammarellus

Rainbow¹,

Kwan²

1995

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. The rates of uptake of cadmium and zinc by the amphipod crustacean Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) increase with decrease in salinity from 36.5 to 25"% NaC1, as expected from physicochemical changes in the ava~labilities of free metal ions. Between 15 and 2.5':~~ NaCl cadmium and zlnc uptake rates plateau, and the cadmium uptake rate falls at 12% NaC1. This pattern of change of uptake rate with salinity change is not dependent on trace metal exposure concentrations, and cannot be explained by uptake via any enzyme-driven uptake route. It is concluded that at low salinity the amphipods effect one or more physiological responses that offset any increases in cadmium and zinc uptake rates expected from physico-chemical increases in the availabilities of free metal ions at low salinity. Such physiological responses are induced by changes in total osmolality, as opposed to inorganic salinity, and are not maintained on transfer from low to high osmolalitv. The physiological response is not explicable only in terms of change of the uptake rate of calcium, nor only in terms of change in apparent water permeab~lity which may play a role at extremely low salinities. In low salinity the amphipods do excrete newly accumulated cadmium and zinc but this excretion does not explain the lack of increase in net uptake of cadmium and zinc at low salinities The identification of the physiological response of 0. gammarellus reducing trace metal uptake at low salinity remains enigmatic, and may turn out to be combinat~on of several effects.

show abstract

“…During the molting process, a large net influx of water is crucial for increasing the animal's hydrostatic pressure in order to expand the body and break open the old exoskeleton. The acclimation of euryhaline crustaceans to dilute salinity is accompanied by decreased branchial water permeability [33], requiring increased Na/K-ATPase activity to establish an ion gradient for water influx to occur [19,34]. The significant increases observed in the Na/K-ATPase levels in the late premolt stage and postmolt stage in this study may indicate that Na/K-ATPase is involved in water uptake at molting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Carbonic anhydrase and Na/K-ATPase activities during the molt cycle of low salinity-reared white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in hemolymph osmolality, ion concentrations, and enzymatic activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the gills and epidermal tissue, and Na/K-ATPase in the gills during the molt cycle were investigated in the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Hemolymph osmolality was high in the intermolt and early premolt stages, but started to decrease prior to ecdysis through to postmolt stages A and B. Changes in Na ? and Cl -ion concentrations paralleled those in hemolymph osmolality. CA activity levels in the anterior and posterior gills were low at intermolt stage C 0 and premolt stage D 0 , and maximum at premolt stage D 3 . In the epidermal tissue, activity was relatively high at intermolt stage C 0 and premolt stage D 0 , but fluctuated towards premolt stage D 3 and postmolt stage A. On the other hand, Na/K-ATPase activity in the gills decreased between intermolt stage C 0 and premolt stage D 2 , but increased at premolt stage D 3 and postmolt stage A. The changes in patterns of CA activity during the molt cycle suggest that CA may be involved in supplying counter-ions for Na ? and Cl -uptake during molting. Branchial Na/K-ATPase appears to be involved in producing local osmotic gradients in order to support water influx across the epithelium.

show abstract

THE APPARENT WATER-PERMEABILITY OF CARCINUS MAENAS (CRUSTACEA, BRACHYURA, PORTUNIDAE) AS A FUNCTION OF SALINITY

Cited by 66 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of changes in salinity and osmolality on the rate of uptake of zinc by three crabs of different ecologies

Effects of changes in salinity and osmolality on the rate of uptake of zinc by three crabs of different ecologies

Physiological responses and the uptake of cadmium and zinc by the amphipod crustacean Orchestia gammarellus

Carbonic anhydrase and Na/K-ATPase activities during the molt cycle of low salinity-reared white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About