“…Instead, physiological signal features can truly reflect the characteristics of human emotional states, because they are not controlled by subjective consciousness, and are mainly related to the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and endocrine system (Ekman et al, 1983 ; Kreibig, 2010 ; Levenson, 2014 ). The transition of emotional state is reflected in people's physiological activities, such as stress will cause the increase of heart rate, respiratory rate (Ma et al, 2009 ), bronchiectasis, pupil dilation, skin sweating, and other symptoms (Pagani et al, 1991 ; Arza et al, 2019 ; Greco et al, 2021 ). Considering the above factors and the needs (weak interference and easy acquisition) of wearable devices, ECG signal, GSR signal, and BVP signal are selected as the collected physiological signals in this study.…”