The application of liquid metals in cooling systems: A study of the thermophysical properties of eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn with Al additions

Dobosz, Alexandra; Plevachuk, Yu.; Sklyarchuk, V.; Sokoliuk, B.; Gancarz, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.05.045

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The obtained experimental results for Ga-Sn-Zn-Li alloys are lower compared to those for eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn [18] and Ga-In-Sn [19]. Similarly for the previously investigated Al addition [20] the density values decrease with higher amount of Al, in the case of Li, the lowest density value was observed for 0.1 (wt%) of Li. The density value of elemental Li is equal to 0.506 (g.cm −3 ) [31] and is one order of magnitude less than values for eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn 5.983 (g.cm −3 ) at a temperature of 573 K, which has a high impact on density results of the studied alloys.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…The obtained data can be compared with the CTE of Ga-In-Sn which in the temperature range 323-773 K is equal to 147 (10 −6 K −1 ) [19]. As in the case of Al additions to eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn [20], the CTE decrease with the content of alloying elements is small, which is correlated with a closer match in the liquid phase. Increasing additions of alloying elements to eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn caused the formation of IMCs, which is correlated with short ordering in the liquid that corresponds to a higher CTE value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The temperature dependency for these properties is presented for different Li content in eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn. The obtained results were compared with literature data for Ga-Sn [16], Ga-Zn [17], Ga-Sn-Zn [18] and Ga-In-Sn [19], and with the previously studied properties of eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn with Al [20], In [21] and Bi [22] additions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys

Dobosz

Plevachuk

Sklyarchuk

et al. 2019

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Ga-Li system is very attractive for the development of microelectronic and Li-ion cell applications as negative electrodes. In this study, thermophysical properties such as density, surface tension, viscosity, thermal and electrical conductivity, and thermoelectric power were investigated. Taking into account the intermetallic compounds occurring in Ga-Li, the measurements were conducted in a temperature range of 323-773 K. The experimentally obtained results revealed lower density and surface tension with increasing Li additions. The viscosity, electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power slightly reduced with the addition of Li content to eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn. The opposite was true of thermal conductivity, which increased slightly. The performed Nusselt number and Peclet number calculations for eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn with Li additions show similar dependency as found in literature data for Ga and GaIn alloys.

show abstract

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys

Dobosz

Plevachuk

Sklyarchuk

et al. 2019

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloy, with a composition of 90.15 of Ga, 6.64 of Sn, and 3.21 of Zn (atom %) corresponding to 86.3, 10.8, and 2.9 (wt %), has a melting point of 288 K and a solidification point of 266.5 K [ 7 ]. It has been found that adding a fourth element to the ternary eutectic system can increase the difference between the melting and solidification temperature [ 17 , 18 ]. By adding 0.5 atom % aluminum to Ga–Sn–Zn, the difference between the two temperatures increases from 20.6 K to 65.8 K, with a melting point of 301.3 K and a solidification point of 235.5 [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that adding a fourth element to the ternary eutectic system can increase the difference between the melting and solidification temperature [ 17 , 18 ]. By adding 0.5 atom % aluminum to Ga–Sn–Zn, the difference between the two temperatures increases from 20.6 K to 65.8 K, with a melting point of 301.3 K and a solidification point of 235.5 [ 17 ]. Similarly, indium additions cause the solidification temperature to drop even further to 231 K in the case of 14.7 atom % In, with a low melting point of 289 K [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Surface of Ga–Sn–Zn Eutectic Alloy by the Characterisation of Oxide Nanofilms Obtained by the Touch-Printing Method

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloy is a non-toxic liquid metal alloy which could be used in a multitude of applications, including as a heat transfer agent, in gas sensing, and in medicine. Alloys containing gallium readily oxidise in air, forming a thin oxide layer that influences the properties of liquid metals and which has not been studied. In this study, the oxide layer formed on Ga–Sn–Zn alloy was transferred at room temperature onto three substrates—quartz, glass and silicon. The contact angle between the liquid alloy and different substrates was determined. The obtained thin oxide films were characterised using atomic force microscopy, X-ray photon spectroscopy, and optical and transmission electron microscopy. The contact angle does not influence the deposition of the layers. It was determined that it is possible to obtain nanometric oxide layers of a few micrometres in size. The chemical composition was determined by XPS and EDS independently, and showed that the oxide layer contains about 90 atom % of gallium with some additions of tin and zinc. The oxides obtained from the eutectic Ga–Sn–Zn liquid alloys appear to be nanocrystalline.

show abstract

A Short History of Fusible Metals and Alloys – Towards Room Temperature Liquid Metals

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Liquid metals are a class of materials with a millennia-long history, albeit until 200 years ago, mostly centered on mercurybased applications. The knowledge of mercury's toxicity and the discovery of it's bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the late 20 th century resulted in phasing out mercury for copious application. Lead-based, bismuth-based, and sodiumbased technology has partially replaced mercury, but due to toxicity or reactivity issues, replacements for lead and sodium are sought. The discovery of indium and, especially, gallium has allowed for the third generation of alloys with a melting point close to room temperature. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the technological developments of fusible and liquid metals, i. e., metals and alloys with melting points below ca. 250 °C, from the early days to current research and industrial application. Special emphasis is focused on important steppingstones and recent developments of gallium-based alloys as well as how they could be used for future applications.

show abstract

The application of liquid metals in cooling systems: A study of the thermophysical properties of eutectic Ga-Sn-Zn with Al additions

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys

The influence of Li on the thermophysical properties of liquid Ga–Sn–Zn eutectic alloys

Investigation of the Surface of Ga–Sn–Zn Eutectic Alloy by the Characterisation of Oxide Nanofilms Obtained by the Touch-Printing Method

A Short History of Fusible Metals and Alloys – Towards Room Temperature Liquid Metals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About