The Application of Modified Natural Polymers in Toxicant Dye Compounds Wastewater: A Review

Ishak, Siti Aisyah; Murshed, Mohamad Fared; Akil, Hazizan Md; Ismail, Norli; Rasib, Siti Zalifah Md; Al-Gheethi, Adel

doi:10.3390/w12072032

Cited by 64 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…A significant problem is that concentration of dyes in waters located near an industrial plant can reach up to 7000 mg/L [ 3 ]. Although the most frequently reported level of dyes in effluents is in the range of 10 to 250 mg/L [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], it turns out that even very small quantities (less than 1 ppm for some dyes) might result in unwanted changes in the water physical and chemical characteristics [ 7 ]. Dyes present in waters adsorb on the suspended organic matter forming sediments/sludges or due to their relatively high water-solubility remain dissolved [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Carbons of Well-Organized Structure in the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2021

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Mesoporous carbons with differentiated properties were synthesized by using the method of impregnation of mesoporous well-organized silicas. The obtained carbonaceous materials and microporous activated carbon were investigated by applying different methods in order to determine their structural, surface and adsorption properties towards selected dyes from aqueous solutions. In order to verify applicability of adsorbents for removing dyes the equilibrium and kinetic experimental data were measured and analyzed by applying various equations and models. The structural and acid-base properties of the investigated carbons were evaluated by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) technique, adsorption/desorption of nitrogen, potentiometric titration, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The results of these techniques are complementary, indicating the type of porosity and structural ordering, e.g., the pore sizes determined from the SAXS data are in good agreement with those obtained from nitrogen sorption data. The SAXS and TEM data confirm the regularity of mesoporous carbon structure. The adsorption experiment, especially kinetic measurements, reveals the utility of mesoporous carbons in dye removing, taking into account not only the adsorption uptake but also the adsorption rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Carbons of Well-Organized Structure in the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2021

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“…The oxygen transfer mechanism and the self-purification process of environmental water bodies will get disturbed by this phenomenon [ 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Wastewater from the paint industry is a difficult effluent to treat, not only because of its high biological and chemical oxygen demand, high suspended solids content and other hazardous substances, but also because of the aesthetic harm it causes to the visual appearance [ 9 , 10 ]. These substances are often of synthetic origin and have a complex aromatic molecular structure, which increases their chemical and microbiological stability, hence their difficult removal from water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Synthetic Dye Adsorption; Desorption Studies: A Review of Results from the Last Five Years (2017–2021)

2021

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The primary, most obvious parameter indicating water quality is the color of the water. Not only can it be aesthetically disturbing, but it can also be an indicator of contamination. Clean, high-quality water is a valuable, essential asset. Of the available technologies for removing dyes, adsorption is the most used method due to its ease of use, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency. The adsorption process is influenced by several parameters, which are the basis of all laboratories researching the optimum conditions. The main objective of this review is to provide up-to-date information on the most studied influencing factors. The effects of initial dye concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, particle size and temperature are illustrated through examples from the last five years (2017–2021) of research. Moreover, general trends are drawn based on these findings. The removal time ranged from 5 min to 36 h (E = 100% was achieved within 5–60 min). In addition, nearly 80% efficiency can be achieved with just 0.05 g of adsorbent. It is important to reduce adsorbent particle size (with Φ decrease E = 8–99%). Among the dyes analyzed in this paper, Methylene Blue, Congo Red, Malachite Green, Crystal Violet were the most frequently studied. Our conclusions are based on previously published literature.

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“…This interesting topic requires the development of various technologies to treat colored waters. Biological treatment and coagulation/flocculation processes are viewed as ineffective to treat soluble dyes [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Adsorption appeared more effective as it is simple and economic and it is especially used to remove pollutants, which are not easily biodegradable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of a New Polymeric Multi-Layered Material Based K-Carrageenan and Alginate for Efficient Bio-Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye

et al. 2021

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The current study highlights a novel bio-sorbent design based on polyelectrolyte multi-layers (PEM) biopolymeric material. First layer was composed of sodium alginate and the second was constituted of citric acid and k-carrageenan. The PEM system was crosslinked to non-woven cellulosic textile material. Resulting materials were characterized using FT-IR, SEM, and thermal analysis (TGA and DTA). FT-IR analysis confirmed chemical interconnection of PEM bio-sorbent system. SEM features indicated that the microspaces between fibers were filled with layers of functionalizing polymers. PEM exhibited higher surface roughness compared to virgin sample. This modification of the surface morphology confirmed the stability and the effectiveness of the grafting method. Virgin cellulosic sample decomposed at 370 °C. However, PEM samples decomposed at 250 °C and 370 °C, which were attributed to the thermal decomposition of crosslinked sodium alginate and k-carrageenan and cellulose, respectively. The bio-sorbent performances were evaluated under different experimental conditions including pH, time, temperature, and initial dye concentration. The maximum adsorbed amounts of methylene blue are 124.4 mg/g and 522.4 mg/g for the untreated and grafted materials, respectively. The improvement in dye sorption evidenced the grafting of carboxylate and sulfonate groups onto cellulose surface. Adsorption process complied well with pseudo-first-order and Langmuir equations.

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The Application of Modified Natural Polymers in Toxicant Dye Compounds Wastewater: A Review

Cited by 64 publications

References 123 publications

Mesoporous Carbons of Well-Organized Structure in the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

Mesoporous Carbons of Well-Organized Structure in the Removal of Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

Factors Affecting Synthetic Dye Adsorption; Desorption Studies: A Review of Results from the Last Five Years (2017–2021)

Preparation and Characterization of a New Polymeric Multi-Layered Material Based K-Carrageenan and Alginate for Efficient Bio-Sorption of Methylene Blue Dye

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