The applications of heparin in vascular tissue engineering

Aslani, Saba; Kabiri, Mahboubeh; Hosseinzadeh, Simzar; Hanaee‐Ahvaz, Hana; Taherzadeh, Elham Sadat; Soleimani, Masoud

doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104027

Cited by 55 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Hep’s pleiotropic roles include the inhibitory activities toward neutrophils functions, endothelial activation and smooth muscle cells proliferation ( Yang et al, 2012 ; Poterucha et al, 2017 ), well-known key events in atherogenesis and vascular graft failure. Due to its capacity to bind and release growth factors, such as VEGF and bFGF, and to modulate angiogenesis, together with its anti-thrombotic properties, Hep has been used to functionalize many different systems including hydrogels, films, and electrospun fibers ( Aslani et al, 2020 ). Table 2 summarizes the multitude of studies, published in the last 20 years, that exploited the angiogenic regulatory activities of Hep for the development of effective small diameter vascular grafts.…”

Section: Application Of Glycosaminoglycans To Vascular Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosaminoglycans: From Vascular Physiology to Tissue Engineering Applications

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular diseases represent the number one cause of death globally, with atherosclerosis a major contributor. Despite the clinical need for functional arterial substitutes, success has been limited to arterial replacements of large-caliber vessels (diameter > 6 mm), leaving the bulk of demand unmet. In this respect, one of the most challenging goals in tissue engineering is to design a “bioactive” resorbable scaffold, analogous to the natural extracellular matrix (ECM), able to guide the process of vascular tissue regeneration. Besides adequate mechanical properties to sustain the hemodynamic flow forces, scaffold’s properties should include biocompatibility, controlled biodegradability with non-toxic products, low inflammatory/thrombotic potential, porosity, and a specific combination of molecular signals allowing vascular cells to attach, proliferate and synthesize their own ECM. Different fabrication methods, such as phase separation, self-assembly and electrospinning are currently used to obtain nanofibrous scaffolds with a well-organized architecture and mechanical properties suitable for vascular tissue regeneration. However, several studies have shown that naked scaffolds, although fabricated with biocompatible polymers, represent a poor substrate to be populated by vascular cells. In this respect, surface functionalization with bioactive natural molecules, such as collagen, elastin, fibrinogen, silk fibroin, alginate, chitosan, dextran, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and growth factors has proven to be effective. GAGs are complex anionic unbranched heteropolysaccharides that represent major structural and functional ECM components of connective tissues. GAGs are very heterogeneous in terms of type of repeating disaccharide unit, relative molecular mass, charge density, degree and pattern of sulfation, degree of epimerization and physicochemical properties. These molecules participate in a number of vascular events such as the regulation of vascular permeability, lipid metabolism, hemostasis, and thrombosis, but also interact with vascular cells, growth factors, and cytokines to modulate cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. The primary goal of this review is to perform a critical analysis of the last twenty-years of literature in which GAGs have been used as molecular cues, able to guide the processes leading to correct endothelialization and neo-artery formation, as well as to provide readers with an overall picture of their potential as functional molecules for small-diameter vascular regeneration.

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Section: Application Of Glycosaminoglycans To Vascular Tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosaminoglycans: From Vascular Physiology to Tissue Engineering Applications

et al. 2021

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“…Heparin is a highly sulfated macromolecular polysaccharide that can associate with the cell surface and it is one component of extracellular matrix. 80,81 It is well accepted that the specic electrostatic interactions can occur between the negatively charged sulfate groups of heparin and positively charged amino acid residues of proteins. The electrostatic interaction can enhance binding affinity of the heparin for many growth factors such as VEGF, TGF-b, PDGF, NGF, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and enable the growth factors to diffuse out in a sustained manner.…”

Section: Heparin-mediated Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth factor loading on aliphatic polyester scaffolds

Shen

2021

RSC Adv.

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“…There are several ways to anchor plasma-assisted heparin molecules to the scaffold through the formation of desirable surface functionalities (e.g., -COOH and -NH 2 surface groups). The most common way to attach-NH 2 surface groups to biopolymers is NH 3 plasma treatment [22]. Although plasma polymerization is an effective way to coat various substrates with thin films, many coating precursors are usually highly toxic or cannot be directly incorporated into standard plasma processing equipment.…”

Section: Gas Plasma Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heparin-Eluting Tissue-Engineered Bioabsorbable Vascular Grafts

et al. 2021

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The creation of small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts using biodegradable materials has the potential to change the quality of cardiovascular surgery in the future. The implantation of these tissue-engineered arterial grafts has yet to reach clinical application. One of the reasons for this is thrombus occlusion of the graft in the acute phase. In this paper, we first describe the causes of accelerated thrombus formation and discuss the drugs that are thought to inhibit thrombus formation. We then review the latest research on methods to locally bind the anticoagulant heparin to biodegradable materials and methods to extend the duration of sustained heparin release. We also discuss the results of studies using large animal models and the challenges that need to be overcome for future clinical applications.

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The applications of heparin in vascular tissue engineering

Cited by 55 publications

References 75 publications

Glycosaminoglycans: From Vascular Physiology to Tissue Engineering Applications

Glycosaminoglycans: From Vascular Physiology to Tissue Engineering Applications

Growth factor loading on aliphatic polyester scaffolds

Heparin-Eluting Tissue-Engineered Bioabsorbable Vascular Grafts

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