The Aptian (Early Cretaceous) oceanic anoxic event (OAE1a) in Svalbard, Barents Sea, and the absolute age of the Barremian-Aptian boundary

Midtkandal, Ivar; Svensen, Henrik; Planke, Sverre; Corfú, Fernando; Polteau, S.; Torsvik, Trond H.; Faleide, Jan Inge; Grundvåg, Sten‐Andreas; Selnes, Håvard; Kürschner, Wolfram M.; Olaussen, Snorre

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.09.023

Cited by 70 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The height difference between these coals of same stratigraphic level is c. 600 m across a horizontal distance of only 9 km. [12,23,39,72,73,78,84,90,92] and this study. Stratigraphic chart after [99].…”

Section: Tectono-sedimentary Implications Of the Thermal Maturity Of mentioning

confidence: 49%

“…The outcropping strata cover an area of 0.8 km 2 , and the maximum extent is 1.8 km × 0.7 km. The Sylfjellet succession overlies the c. 25 m-thick cliff-forming sandstones of the Lower (Barremian to Aptian) Festningen Member of the Helvetiafjellet Formation [71][72][73][74][75]. Based on distinct sedimentological and lithological differences, the Sylfjellet succession was subdivided into four units including a coal-bearing unit at the base (Unit 1) overlain by a sandstone-dominated section (Unit 2), which is overlain by dark siltstones (Unit 3), and sandstones on the top (Unit 4).…”

Section: Geological Mapping and Structural Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sylfjellet: a new outcrop of the Paleogene Van Mijenfjorden Group in Svalbard

Jochmann¹,

Augland

Lenz

et al. 2019

Arktos

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A hitherto unrecognized Paleogene outcrop has been discovered at Sylfjellet, a mountain located at the northern side of Isfjorden, Svalbard. The strata, which cover an area of 0.8 km 2 , have until now been assigned to the Lower Cretaceous succession of the Adventdalen Group. In this study, the Sylfjellet site was studied in detail to provide an updated structural and sedimentological description of strata and lithostratigraphy. The age and burial history of the investigated succession were constrained by absolute (U/PB) and relative dating methods in addition to vitrinite reflectance analyses of coal seams. The results show a Paleogene age of the deposits, which is supported by the occurrence of an angiosperm pollen grain, plant macrofossils, and a tephra layer of early Selandian age (61.53 Ma). The 250 m-thick succession of Sylfjellet is assigned to the Firkanten, Basilika and Grumantbyen formations. This succession unconformably overlies the Lower Cretaceous Helvetiafjellet Formation. Sylfjellet is incorporated into the West Spitsbergen Fold-and-Thrust Belt and interpreted to be a fourth structural outlier of the Van Mijenfjorden Group. Vitrinite reflectance data indicate that at least 2000 m overburden has been eroded above the Sylfjellet coal seams, and that maximum burial of the strata predates folding and thrusting in the area.

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Section: Tectono-sedimentary Implications Of the Thermal Maturity Of mentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Geological Mapping and Structural Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sylfjellet: a new outcrop of the Paleogene Van Mijenfjorden Group in Svalbard

Jochmann¹,

Augland

Lenz

et al. 2019

Arktos

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“…The base of the M-series lineations (M0r) is tied to the Barremian-Aptian boundary and has age estimates in different time scales from ∼114 Ma (Fiet et al, 2006) to ∼126 Ma (Ogg, 2012). Geomagnetic polarity time scales favor a boundary age of~121 Ma (e.g., Malinverno et al, 2012), coinciding with 40 Ar-39 Ar ages from M0r lavas in China (He et al, 2008), and supported by U-Pb ages from Barremian ash layers in Svalbard, which demonstrate that the Barremian-Aptian boundary must be younger than 123 Ma (Midtkandal et al, 2016). Table 2 Absolute Motions for the Pacific Plate and Net Lithosphere Rotation (NR; Torsvik et al, 2010) Based on a Moving Hot Spot Frame After 83.5 Ma and a Fixed Hot Spot Frame Back to 150 Ma (Steinberger & Gaina, 2007;Duncan & Clague, 1985) Age (Ma) Pacific Pacific corrected…”

Section: Toward Revised Pacific-panthalassic Reconstructions Before 8mentioning

confidence: 86%

Pacific‐Panthalassic Reconstructions: Overview, Errata and the Way Forward

Torsvik

Steinberger

Shephard

et al. 2019

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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We have devised a new absolute Late Jurassic‐Cretaceous Pacific plate model using a fixed hot spot approach coupled with paleomagnetic data from Pacific large igneous provinces (LIPs) while simultaneously minimizing plate velocity and net lithosphere rotation (NR). This study was motivated because published Pacific plate models for the 83.5‐ to 150‐Ma time interval are variably flawed, and their use affects modeling of the entire Pacific‐Panthalassic Ocean and interpretation of its margin evolution. These flaws could be corrected, but the revised models would imply unrealistically high plate velocities and NR. We have developed three new Pacific realm models with varying degrees of complexity, but we focus on the one that we consider most realistic. This model reproduces many of the Pacific volcanic paths, modeled paleomagnetic latitudes fit well with direct observations, plate velocities and NR resulting from the model are low, and all reconstructed Pacific LIPs align along the surface‐projected margin of the Pacific large low shear wave velocity province. The emplacement of the Shatsky Rise LIP at ~144 Ma probably caused a major plate boundary reorganization as indicated by a major jump of the Pacific‐Izanagi‐Farallon triple junction and a noteworthy change of the Pacific‐Izanagi seafloor spreading direction at around chron M20 time.

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“…This result is in good agreement with other studies that have dated the early Tithonian. For instance, Malinverno et al (2012) quote an age of 147.95 ± 1.95 Ma for the M22An magneto-zone, and Muttoni et al (2018) suggest that the base of the Tethyan Tithonian (top Kimmeridgian) falls in the lower part of M22n with an age of ∼ 146.5 Ma.…”

Section: The Early Tithonian and The Base Of The Vaca Muerta Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-precision U–Pb ages in the early Tithonian to early Berriasian and implications for the numerical age of the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary

et al. 2019

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Abstract. The numerical age of the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary has been controversial and difficult to determine. In this study, we present high-precision U–Pb geochronological data around the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary in two distinct sections from different sedimentary basins: the Las Loicas, Neuquén Basin, Argentina, and the Mazatepec, Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico. These two sections contain primary and secondary fossiliferous markers for the boundary as well as interbedded volcanic ash horizons, allowing researchers to obtain new radioisotopic dates in the late Tithonian and early Berriasian. We also present the first age determinations in the early Tithonian and tentatively propose a minimum duration for the stage as a cross-check for our ages in the early Berriasian. Given our radioisotopic ages in the early Tithonian to early Berriasian, we discuss implications for the numerical age of the boundary.

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The Aptian (Early Cretaceous) oceanic anoxic event (OAE1a) in Svalbard, Barents Sea, and the absolute age of the Barremian-Aptian boundary

Cited by 70 publications

References 49 publications

Sylfjellet: a new outcrop of the Paleogene Van Mijenfjorden Group in Svalbard

Sylfjellet: a new outcrop of the Paleogene Van Mijenfjorden Group in Svalbard

Pacific‐Panthalassic Reconstructions: Overview, Errata and the Way Forward

High-precision U–Pb ages in the early Tithonian to early Berriasian and implications for the numerical age of the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary

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