The ARX and ARMAX Models for Thermoelectric Cooling on Glass Windows: A Comparative Study

Consuming a proper and balanced diet is necessary for each and every individual. It makes them fit, healthy, and keep them safe from chronic diseases. However, in today's world, many individuals frequently buy fast food without realising that the food may not provide all the daily nutrients that the body needs. Therefore, this study aims to propose a mathematical modelling on diet problem for the subways sets menu in Malaysia. The proposed mathematical model will be solved by using the Microsoft Excel Solver in order to produce optimal solution, which mean that the chosen menu from the Subway fulfil the daily requirements of calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fats for both men and women.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Linear Programming on Diet Problem for Subways’ Sets Menu in Malaysia

Khalidah Irdina Khalid,

Nurul Farihan Mohamed,

Abdul Rahim Khairul Anuar

2024

“…Modelling of system can be divided into continuous-time and discrete-time modelling. Many real-world systems, for example, in the fields of mechanics, electricity, chemistry, economics, biology and ecology are dynamic systems [3][4][5]. Although these systems warrant a continuous-time model rather than a discrete-time model, it is practical to assume that data are interconnected in a discrete-time connections and therefore employing principles of discrete-time identification is favorable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Single Parent Mating Technique in Genetic Algorithm for Discrete – Time System Identification

Farah Ayiesya Zainuddin,

Md Fahmi Abd Samad,

Hishamuddin Jamaluddin

et al. 2024

System identification is concerned with the construction of a mathematical model based on given input and output data to represent the dynamical behaviour of a system. As a step-in system identification, model structure selection is a step where a model perceived as adequate system representation is selected. A typical rule is that the model must have a good balance between parsimony and accuracy in estimating a dynamic system. As a popular search method, genetic algorithm (GA) is used for selecting a model structure. However, the optimality of the final model depends much on the optimality of GA. This paper introduces a novel mating technique in GA based on the chromosome structure of the parents such that a single parent is sufficient in achieving mating that demonstrates high exploration capability. In investigating this, four systems of linear and nonlinear classes were simulated to generate discrete-time sets of data i.e. later used for identification. The outcome shows that GA incorporated with the mating technique within 10% - 20% of the population size is able to find optimal models quicker than the traditional GA.

“…Since mathematical modelling has been used widely in the world for solving real life problems, there are many methods in solving the mathematical modelling. The research done by Mohd Saifizi Saidon et al, [12,13] shows how to employ ARX (and ARMAX) models to create a dynamic model of a cooling system connected with TEC. In mathematical modelling, the finite element method is frequently used to approximate and resolve complicated physical phenomena by breaking them up into smaller, more manageable pieces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Diet Problem of Food Menu for Starbucks in Malaysia: Linear Programming Problem

Abdul Rahim Khairul Anuar,

Nurul Farihan Mohamed,

Khalidah Irdina Khalid

2024

Nowadays, fast-food production is in high demand in the food industry. There are many fast-food restaurants in the world, such as Starbucks, McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) and others. People would spend their time and money at fast-food restaurants because of their quick serving, convenience, and good taste. Starbucks is also no exception because it has various baked goods and hot breakfast items as part of its cafe menu. This can lead to people overconsuming the food at fast-food restaurants every day. Consequently, they would get health problems such as obesity, heart attack, diabetes and others. In this paper, we determine the most suitable menu from Starbucks for a day to fulfil the daily intake of calories, carbohydrates, protein, and fats for men and women. We will use the linear programming model approach to get the optimal calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats for men and women. We used the nutritional value chart data from Starbucks’ menu, and this diet problem will be solved using an Excel solver. The results obtained fulfilled the required daily intake for men and women for calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fats from the Starbucks menu.