The Association between Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Iranian Adults: a Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

The association between dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS) and cardiovascular risk factors such as low cardiovascular fitness (CRF) and elevated blood pressure (BP) has rarely been investigated. To investigate the association between DAQS, CRF, and BP. This crosssectional study was conducted on 270 adult subjects living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was evaluated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The DAQS was calculated using antioxidant-nutrient intake. Socioeconomic status, anthropometric measures, and BP were recorded by a trained interviewer, using standard methods. A significant increase was found in maximal oxygen uptake (p value = 0.01) across tertiles of DAQS. After adjusting for confounders, the association remained unchanged (p value = 0.02). Participants in the highest tertile of DAQS had higher systolic BP (SBP) (p value = 0.01) and diastolic BP (DBP) (p value = 0.03), although adjustment for confounding factors attenuated the results (p value = 0.3 for DBP and p value = 0.6 for SBP). Our results revealed that higher DAQS is associated with better CRF in Iranian adults. Further studies are needed to establish the veracity of our results.

The lack of association between dietary antioxidant quality score with handgrip strength and handgrip endurance amongst Tehranian adults: A cross‐sectional study from a Middle East country

“…As far as we know, there is no information about the association between DAQS or specific antioxidant with relative muscle strength. However, there are limited studies that examined the association between DAQS with muscle mass, bone mass or some health problems 15,16 . Most studies have evaluated the association between antioxidant nutrients such as selenium, zinc, and vitamin D, E, and C with muscle mass or oxidative stress which is related to muscle function 38‐41 …”

“…However, there are limited studies that examined the association between DAQS with muscle mass, bone mass or some health problems. 15,16 Most studies have evaluated the association between antioxidant nutrients such as selenium, zinc, and vitamin D, E, and C with muscle mass or oxidative stress which is related to muscle function. [38][39][40][41] We found that selenium intake is positively associated with HE.…”

“…DAQS was calculated from some vitamins and minerals that have antioxidant functions including selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E. 16,35,36 To create a DAQS, we compared the daily intake of nutrients to that of the recommended daily intake (RDI). 37 The intake of each five antioxidants was assessed and then was given a value of 0 or 1, separately.…”

“…The reduction of lipid peroxidation products by these antioxidants can benefit the immune responses in macrophages and monocytes more than other unwanted responses through oxidised LDL or scavenger receptors, as oxidised LDL is cytotoxic and immunogenic to macrophages. The most widely applied methodology for determining the potential role of antioxidant dietary intake on health outcomes was based on individual nutrients 15,16 . This method of considering the effects of a few isolated antioxidants on health outcomes misses a great deal of information about the complex or cumulative relationships and interactions between the antioxidants in foods 15 .…”

“…The most widely applied methodology for determining the potential role of antioxidant dietary intake on health outcomes was based on individual nutrients. 15,16 This method of considering the effects of a few isolated antioxidants on health outcomes misses a great deal of information about the complex or cumulative relationships and interactions between the antioxidants in foods. 15 Accordingly, the Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score (DAQS), which sums certain dietary antioxidants and assigns a calculated quantity-based score compared with the FDA-recommended quantity, was proposed to assess the overall impact of antioxidants on health outcomes.…”