The association between Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansJP2 clone and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

To appraise the literature on the prevalence of the JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.) and on its association with presence and progression of periodontitis in different populations. A systematic search of the literature was conducted in Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library for studies reporting data on detection of the JP2 clone of A.a. A total of 56 papers were included in the review, from an initial search of 685 titles. Studies were carried out in populations with a mean age of 26.34 years (range 6.24–53.85 years). Just over 16% of the overall population assessed (n = 13 751) had the JP2 clone detected. Meta‐analyses included 16 studies and 1775 patients, and revealed an association between detection of the JP2 clone and diagnosis of periodontitis (RR = 1.86, 95% 1.43–2.42) from saliva and plaque, with high heterogeneity (I2 = 85%, p < .00001). Meta‐analyses included 5 studies and 616 patients, and revealed an association between baseline detection of the JP2 clone and onset of periodontitis over 2 to 5 years (RR = 4.12, 95% 2.42–7.00), with high heterogeneity (I2 = 81%, p < .0003). From the overall risk of bias score, 29 papers were judged as low risk of bias, whilst the remaining papers were judged to have an overall medium or high risk of bias. Detection of the JP2 clone of A.a. in subgingival plaque and saliva samples is associated with increased odds of diagnosis of periodontitis and may be able to predict onset of periodontitis. This systematic review provides clear evidence that in certain populations, the JP2 clone of A.a. is associated with early‐onset periodontitis. Furthermore, detection of this bacterium seems to be predictive of disease onset.

Aggressive periodontitis in southwestern American Indian adolescents

“…This may be due to environmental differences in study populations or to prescription medicines for previous medical infections. Whether the highly leukotoxin‐producing A. actinomycetemcomitans JP2 clone 42 occurred in the Pueblo Indian communities remains to be studied. P. gingivalis and other red/orange complex periodontal pathogens (Table 3) also reached high subgingival proportions in Ag/MI periodontitis in Pueblo Indian adolescents, as has been seen in other Ag/MI periodontitis population groups 7,10,36,38–41 .…”

Mechanisms Underlying the Suppression of IL-1β Expression by Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

“…Periodontopathic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, were reported to initiate and progress periodontitis [5][6][7]. Most periodontopathic bacteria are anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria that can be identified locally in periodontal tissues such as periodontal pockets.…”