The Association between Nutritional Status and Length of Hospital Stay among Patients with Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Nutritional status is related to the prognosis and length of hospital stay (LOS) of patients with hypertension (HT). This study aimed to assess how nutritional status and body mass index (BMI) affect LOS for patients with hypertension. Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of 586 medical records of patients who had been admitted to the Institute of Heart Diseases of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw, Poland. Results: A total of 586 individuals were included in the analysis. Individuals who were at a nutritional risk represented less than 2% of the study population, but more than 60% were overweight or obese. The mean BMI was 28.4 kg/m2 (SD: 5.16). LOS averaged 3.53 days (SD = 2.78). In the case of obese individuals, hospitalisation lasted for 3.4 ± 2.43 days, which was significantly longer than for patients of normal weight. For underweight patients, hospitalisation lasted for 5.14 ± 2.27 days, which was also significantly longer than for those in other BMI categories (p = 0.017). The independent predictors of shorter hospitalisations involved higher LDL concentration (parameter of regression: −0.015) and HDL concentration (parameter of regression: −0.04). Conclusions: The study revealed that with regard to the nutritional status of hypertensive patients, being either underweight or obese was associated with longer LOS. Additional factors that related to prolonged LOS were lower LDL and HDL levels and higher CRP concentrations.

Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Malnutrition in Patients with Abnormal Glycemic Status and Coronary Artery Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study in China

“…The adverse prognostic impact of malnutrition in these populations has been well-established [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Recently, studies from Europe, America, and Asia have studied nutritional status by various means in patients with cardiovascular disease, such as heart failure, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and coronary artery disease (CAD), and have reported that malnutrition is associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased in-hospital mortality, and decreased survival [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Nutritional Status of Coronary Artery Disease Patients—Preliminary Results

“…Nutritional status is an important factor impacting disease prognosis and treatment outcome, also among cardiovascular patients [ 1 , 25 ]. It was shown that nutritional status is correlated with the length of hospitalization in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation [ 26 , 27 ]. It is also associated with mortality in heart failure and coronary artery disease [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

National Trends in Mortality and Urgent Dialysis after Acute Hypertension in Japan From 2010 Through 2019

“…Nutritional status and physical capacity profoundly affect prognosis. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Several studies have indicated that nutrition and exercise intervention can increase muscle mass in high-risk patients with cardiovascular disease. [29][30][31][32] Although the obesity paradox can be explained by the presence of reverse causation, such as underlying comorbidities causing weight loss, sarcopenia, and frailty, nutritional approaches to preserve metabolic reserve may improve the outcome of AHT.…”