The Association Between Physical Activity in Leisure Time and Leukocyte Telomere Length

Cherkas, Lynn; Hunkin, Janice; Kato, Bernet; Richards, J. Brent; Gardner, J. P.; Surdulescu, Gabriela L.; Kimura, Masayuki; Lu, Xingrong; Spector, Tim D.; Aviv, Abraham

doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2007.39

Cited by 509 publications

(441 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This trend toward longer telomeres was detected not only in the whole CD4 + and CD8 + T cell compartments but also in their respective CD45RO + /CD45RO neg and CD28 + /CD28 neg subsets, although statistical significance was observed only in the total CD8 + and CD8 + CD28 neg compartments between the IT and NT groups. These data are particularly important because previous studies on telomere length and physical activity showed conflicting results (Cherkas et al 2008;Ludlow et al 2008;Shin et al 2008;Woo et al 2008;Du et al 2012;Laine et al 2015). Comparisons among these studies are limited by differences in study design, including the immunological parameters assessed and the cohorts analyzed, which differed not only in age and gender but also in the type, intensity, and regularity of physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Telomere shortening has been considered a marker of immunosenescence. The impact of regular exercise on telomere length remains controversial, with studies showing either no effect (Shin et al 2008;Woo et al 2008;Laine et al 2015) or a protective effect (Cherkas et al 2008;Ludlow et al 2008;Du et al 2012). Therefore, we measured and compared telomere length in total T cells [CD3 + ], CD4 + CD45RO + T cells, CD4 + CD45RO neg T cells, CD8 + CD28 + T cells, and CD8 + CD28 neg T cells among the groups.…”

Section: Telomere Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moderate and intense exercise lifestyles attenuate the effects of aging on telomere length and the survival and composition of T cell subpopulations

Silva

Araújo

Fernandes

et al. 2016

AGE

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Studies indicate that exercise might delay human biological aging, but the effects of long-term exercise on T cell function are not well known. We tested the hypothesis that moderate or intense exercise lifestyle may attenuate the effects of aging on the telomere length and the survival and composition of T cell subpopulations. Elderly (65-85 years) with intense training lifestyle (IT, n = 15), moderate training lifestyle (MT, n = 16), and who never trained (NT, n = 15) were studied. Although the three groups presented the ageassociated contraction of the TCD4 + /TCD8 + naïve compartments and expansion of the memory compartments, both training modalities were associated with lower proportion of terminally differentiated (CD45RA + CCR7 neg ) TCD4 + and TCD8 + cells, although among the latter cells, the reduction reached statistical significance only with IT. MT was associated with higher proportion of central memory TCD4 + cells, while IT was associated with higher proportion of effector memory TCD8 + cells. However, both training lifestyles were unable to modify the proportion of senescent (CD28 neg ) TCD8 + cells. Telomeres were longer in T cells in both training groups; with IT, telomere length increased mainly in TCD8 + cells, whereas with MT, a modest increase in telomere length was observed in both TCD8 + and TCD4 + cells. Reduced commitment to apoptosis of resting T cells, as assessed by caspase-3 and Bcl-2 expression, was seen predominantly with IT.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Telomere Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate and intense exercise lifestyles attenuate the effects of aging on telomere length and the survival and composition of T cell subpopulations

Silva

Araújo

Fernandes

et al. 2016

AGE

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“…Information on medication and supplement use, lifestyle, and demographic variables were obtained by standardized nurse‐administered questionnaire. Physical activity was classified as inactive, moderate, and active during work, home, and leisure time using a questionnaire strongly correlated with more in‐depth assessment of time spent in physical activity in this cohort 31. The mean time spent in physical activity per week for each physical activity level was as follows: inactive, 16 min; light activity, 36 min; moderate activity, 102 min; and heavy activity, 199 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Amino Acid Intakes Are Associated With Bone Mineral Density and Prevalence of Low Bone Mass in Women: Evidence From Discordant Monozygotic Twins

Jennings

Macgregor

Spector

et al. 2015

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Although a higher protein intake, particularly from vegetable sources, has been shown to be associated with higher bone mineral density (BMD) the relative impact of specific amino acids on BMD and risk of osteoporosis remains to be determined. Mechanistic research suggests that a number of specific amino acids, including five nonessential amino acids—alanine, arginine, glutamic acid, glycine, and proline—may play a role in bone health, principally through improved production of insulin and insulin‐like growth factor 1 and the synthesis of collagen and muscle protein. However to date, no previous studies have examined the associations between habitual intake of amino acids and direct measures of BMD and prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia, and no studies have examined this relationship in discordant identical twin‐pairs. In these analyses of female monozygotic twin‐pairs discordant for amino acid intake (n = 135), twins with higher intakes of alanine and glycine had significantly higher BMD at the spine than their co‐twins with within‐pair differences in spine‐BMD of 0.012 g/cm2 (SE 0.01; p = 0.039) and 0.014 g/cm2 (SE 0.01; p = 0.026), respectively. Furthermore, in cross‐sectional multivariable analyses of 3160 females aged 18 to 79 years, a higher intake of total protein was significantly associated with higher DXA‐measured BMD at the spine (quartile Q4 to quartile Q1: 0.017 g/cm2, SE 0.01, p = 0.035) and forearm (Q4 to Q1: 0.010 g/cm2, SE 0.003, p = 0.002). Intake of six amino acids (alanine, arginine, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, and proline) were associated with higher BMD at the spine and forearm with the strongest association observed for leucine (Q4 to Q1: 0.024 g/cm2, SE 0.01, p = 0.007). When intakes were stratified by protein source, vegetable or animal, prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia was 13% to 19% lower comparing extreme quartiles of vegetable intake for five amino acids (not glutamic acid or proline). These data provide evidence to suggest that intake of protein and several amino acids, including alanine and glycine, may be beneficial for bone health, independent of genetic background. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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“…24 For instance, telomere length varies individually and is under genetic control. 25 Further, variability of telomere length may be caused by influences of diet and physical activity, 26 psychological stress 27 and various diseases. [5][6][7][8]15,16,[22][23][24] Importantly, a recent report stated that in 850 Framingham Heart Telomere length in the LIFE studyStudy participants, leukocyte telomere length was positively associated with left ventricular mass and wall thickness, especially in participants with hypertension.…”

Section: Men Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere length and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study

et al. 2011

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Short telomeres are associated with aging and agerelated diseases. Our aim was to determine whether short leukocyte telomere length is associated with risk factors and cardiovascular diseases in a high-risk hypertensive population. We measured leukocyte telomere lengths at recruitment in 1271 subjects with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) participating in the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) study. At baseline, short mean telomere length was associated with coronary artery disease in males (odds ratio (OR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39-0.95), and transient ischemic attack in females (OR 0.62 95% CI 0.39-0.99). Proportion of short telomeres (shorter than 5 kb) was associated with Framingham risk score (r ¼ 0.07, Po0.05), cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.15) and type 2 diabetes in men (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.11). During follow-up, proportion of short telomeres was associated with combined cardiovascular mortality, stroke or angina pectoris (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07). Telomere length was not associated with smoking, body mass index, pulse pressure or selfreported use of alcohol. Our data suggest that reduced leukocyte telomere length is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases as well as type 2 diabetes, and is a predictor of cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with hypertension and LVH.

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The Association Between Physical Activity in Leisure Time and Leukocyte Telomere Length

Abstract: A sedentary lifestyle (in addition to smoking, high body mass index, and low socioeconomic status) has an effect on LTL and may accelerate the aging process. This provides a powerful message that could be used by clinicians to promote the potentially antiaging effect of regular exercise.

Cited by 509 publications

References 38 publications

Moderate and intense exercise lifestyles attenuate the effects of aging on telomere length and the survival and composition of T cell subpopulations

Moderate and intense exercise lifestyles attenuate the effects of aging on telomere length and the survival and composition of T cell subpopulations

Amino Acid Intakes Are Associated With Bone Mineral Density and Prevalence of Low Bone Mass in Women: Evidence From Discordant Monozygotic Twins

Telomere length and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: the LIFE study

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