The association of left ventricular mass index with metabolic syndrome in comparison to hypertensive patients

Gupta, Rajesh; Gupta, Rimzim; Makar, Neeraj; Chaudhary, Shashank; Bhatheja, Himanshu; Pathak, Poonam

doi:10.4103/2211-4122.183748

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In a case–control study, North Indian patients with metabolic syndrome were reported to have a higher exposure rate of LV hypertrophy (44 % vs 32 %; relative risk: 1.38; odds ratio: 1.67 [95 % CI 0.53, 5.29]) compared to hypertensive patients without T2DM. 45 De Simone also showed that the hazard of HF is increased by 1 % for each 1 % increase in excessive LV mass (HR: 1.01; 95 % CI 1.02, 1.04; p = 0.0001) after adjusting for age, sex, obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension, and antihypertensive treatment and accounting for incident myocardial infarction. 43 However, none of the Indian studies including ours have evaluated the risk of adverse CV events associated with LV GLS values and LV mass as per our knowledge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities and heart failure in unselected out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated clinical factors: Real-world evidence from an Indian registry

Rajput,

Mohan,

Sawhney

et al. 2023

Indian Heart Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities and heart failure in unselected out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated clinical factors: Real-world evidence from an Indian registry

Rajput,

Mohan,

Sawhney

et al. 2023

Indian Heart Journal

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“…The association between anthropometric measures, in particular BMI and abdominal circumference, with metabolic syndrome is well established [28]. Similarly, several anthropometric variables, including BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and waist-length ratios are associated with LVM in adults [29][30][31][32][33][34]. The pediatric literature relating et al raise the question whether further increases in BMI are associated with an increased severity of left ventricular hypertrophy [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left Ventricular Geometrical Changes in Severely Obese Adolescents: Prevalence, Determinants, and Clinical Implications

et al. 2020

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Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is independently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults. Adiposity is a risk factor for LVH, independent of blood pressure. Potential causes of this nonhemodynamic pathogenesis identified in adults include adverse body fat distribution, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). In severely obese adolescents, the determinants of obesity-induced changes in left ventricular structure are poorly characterized. Cardiac ultrasonographic, demographic, anthropometric, and comorbidity-related data were prospectively collected in adolescents with severe obesity refractory to conservative treatment who presented for surgical therapy. Differences between adolescents with LVH and without LVH were evaluated using independent samples t, chi-square, or Fisher’s exact test. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations with left ventricular structural changes, corrected for body mass index (BMI) z score. Forty-three patients entered analysis, of whom 24 (55.8%) showed LVH. The most common geometrical change was eccentric LVH (eLVH), occurring in 21 subjects (48.8%). Demographic and anthropometric variables did not differ between patients with and without LVH. Independent of BMI z score, left ventricular mass index was significantly associated with apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) (regression parameter B = 0.8; 95% CI 0.3 to 1.2). Interventricular septum thickness (IVST) was significantly associated with HOMA-IR values (B = 0.1; 95% CI 0.04 to 0.2), HDL-cholesterol (B = − 1.2; 95% CI − 2.2 to 0.1), and triglyceride levels (B = 0.5; 95% CI 0.001 to 0.9). LVH, especially eLVH, is highly prevalent amongst severely obese adolescents. Adverse changes in cardiac structure, increased IVST in particular, are independently associated with several nonhemodynamic comorbidities that are common in this population, namely OSA, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.

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“…Metabolic syndrome, central obesity, and diabetes substantially increase risk for VH/HF, independent of their common association with hypertension [ 447 , 448 , 449 , 450 , 451 , 452 , 453 , 454 , 455 , 456 , 457 ]. These disorders are characterized by high tissue exposure to free fatty acids, and there is reason to suspect that increased exposure to long-chain saturated fatty acids is a mediator of this increased risk.…”

Section: Protective Diet and Lifestyle Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceutical, Dietary, and Lifestyle Options for Prevention and Treatment of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

McCarty

2021

IJMS

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Although well documented drug therapies are available for the management of ventricular hypertrophy (VH) and heart failure (HF), most patients nonetheless experience a downhill course, and further therapeutic measures are needed. Nutraceutical, dietary, and lifestyle measures may have particular merit in this regard, as they are currently available, relatively safe and inexpensive, and can lend themselves to primary prevention as well. A consideration of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the VH/HF syndrome suggests that measures which control oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, that support effective nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide bioactivity, that prevent a reduction in cardiomyocyte pH, and that boost the production of protective hormones, such as fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), while suppressing fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and marinobufagenin, may have utility for preventing and controlling this syndrome. Agents considered in this essay include phycocyanobilin, N-acetylcysteine, lipoic acid, ferulic acid, zinc, selenium, ubiquinol, astaxanthin, melatonin, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, berberine, citrulline, high-dose folate, cocoa flavanols, hawthorn extract, dietary nitrate, high-dose biotin, soy isoflavones, taurine, carnitine, magnesium orotate, EPA-rich fish oil, glycine, and copper. The potential advantages of whole-food plant-based diets, moderation in salt intake, avoidance of phosphate additives, and regular exercise training and sauna sessions are also discussed. There should be considerable scope for the development of functional foods and supplements which make it more convenient and affordable for patients to consume complementary combinations of the agents discussed here. Research Strategy: Key word searching of PubMed was employed to locate the research papers whose findings are cited in this essay.

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The association of left ventricular mass index with metabolic syndrome in comparison to hypertensive patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities and heart failure in unselected out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated clinical factors: Real-world evidence from an Indian registry

Prevalence of cardiac abnormalities and heart failure in unselected out-patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated clinical factors: Real-world evidence from an Indian registry

Left Ventricular Geometrical Changes in Severely Obese Adolescents: Prevalence, Determinants, and Clinical Implications

Nutraceutical, Dietary, and Lifestyle Options for Prevention and Treatment of Ventricular Hypertrophy and Heart Failure

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