The Association of Socioeconomic and Nutritional with Risk of Tuberculosis in DM Type 2 Patient

Abstract

ABSTRAKDiabetes mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan penggunaan insulin yang kurang efektif. Jawa Timur merupakan provinsi yang masuk 10 besar prevalensi Diabetes se-Indonesia. Pasien DM berisiko lebih tinggi terkena TB. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan sosioekonomi dan status gizi dengan risiko terjadinya TB pada penderita DM tipe 2 di Kecamatan Tambaksari. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif retrospektif dengan desain case control penyepadanan umur dan jenis kelamin. Sampel dalam penelitian ini dihitung dengan rumus matching yang didapatkan 38 penderita DM-TB untuk kasus dan 38 DM untuk kontrol. Pengambilan sampel kasus maupun kontrol dengan simple random sampling. Hasil karakteristik penderita DM dengan TB di Kecamatan Tambaksari 50% berusia antara 56-65 tahun. Jumlah penderita 60,5% laki-laki. Tingkat pendidikan tidak berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya TB pada penderita DM tipe 2, nilai p = 0,608 (> α = 0,05). Status pekerjaan berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya TB pada penderita DM tipe 2, nilai p = 0,022 dan OR = 3,297; 95%CI = 1,288-8,440. Tingkat penghasilan berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya TB pada penderita DM tipe 2 nilai p = 0,009 dan OR = 13,214; 95%CI = 1,597-109,370. Status gizi berhubungan dengan risiko terjadinya TB pada penderita DM tipe 2, nilai p = 0,000 dan OR = 17,889; 95%CI = 4,653-68,772. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah faktor sosioekonomi yaitu tidak bekerja dan penghasilan < UMK, dan status gizi IMT < 18,5 berhubungan dengan kejadian TB Penderita DM tipe 2. Perlu dilakukan sosialisasi pengaturan pola makan pada penderita DM tipe 2. Perlu dilakukan skrining TB pada penderita DM tipe 2 yang berstatus gizi IMT< 18,5 dan perlu dilakukan pendampingan agar penderita DM tipe 2 dengan TB rutin berobat. ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a diseases caused by less eff ective insulin use. East Java is the ten highest province for Diabetes prevalence all over Indonesia. DM patient risk higher for TB. This research aims to fi nd out relationship between social-economy and nutrition status with TB occurrence to DM-type 2 suff erer in Kecamatan Tambaksari. This research is retrospective quantitative with case control design with age and sex corresponding. Sample of the research was counted by matching formula obtained out of 38 DM-TB suff erers for cases and 38 DM for control. Sample case and control were taken by simple random sampling. Characteristic result of DM and TB suff erers in Kecamatan Tambaksari 50% aged between 56-65 year. Amount of the suff erers 60,5% male. Education level is irrelated to the risk of TB occurrences in DM-type 2 suff erer, (p = 0.608 (> α = 0.05). Working status is related to the risk of TB occurrence to type 2 DM suff erer, (p = 0.022,OR = 3.2;). Waged level is related to the risk of TB occurrence to (p.= 0.009,OR = 13.214; 95%CI = 1,. Nutrition status is related to TB occurrence to DM-type 2 suff erer, (p = 0.000, OR = 17.889;). The conclusion of this research is social economy factor, that is unemployed and wage < UMK, and...

Relationship Between Clinical, Laboratory, and Radiological Symptoms with The Incidence of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…In line with this study based on the results of bivariate analysis that work is associated with the incidence of active pulmonary TB in people with type 2 DM (p = 0.02). The results of research by Hapsari and Isfandiari, (2017) on DM patients seeking treatment at all health centers in the Tambaksari District area in 2016 showed similar results, where there was a significant relationship between employment status and the incidence of pulmonary TB [28]. Different things were found in a study by Yosephine et al, (2021) on factors influencing the incidence of pulmonary TB in patients with DM that there was no significant relationship between employment status and the incidence of active pulmonary TB in people with DM (OR=0.802; 95%CI: 0.377-1.703) [29].…”

“…Malaise occurs due to the process of hypercatabolism due to increased proinflammatory cytokines caused by TB infection, increased proinflammatory cytokines also cause metabolic dysregulation, especially in people with type 2 DM [28]. This statement is supported by research conducted by Tong et al, (2021) out of 312 TB-DM subjects, 182 people or 58.3% had complaints of malaise (p = 0.001).…”

Relationship Between Three Risk Factor Of DM-Pulmonary TB Incident At RSI Siti Aisyah Madiun in 2023

“…The decline in the immune system can be influenced by various factors, including socioeconomic and nutritional status. Malnutrition is a state of abnormal nutritional status in the body caused by metabolic disorders or body balance, a deficiency of nutritional intake, or an excess of nutritional intake (Hapsari & Isfandiari, 2017). Decreased immune conditions also cause TB germs to be active, resulting in the activation of various inflammatory mediators such as TNF-Alfa, which causes a decrease in appetite, and Interleukin-1, which can increase the basal metabolic rate, and then these two things cause weight loss so that the BMI measurement becomes normal (Restrepo, 2018b).…”

The Behavior of TB-DM Patients in Controlling Blood Sugar Concentration in Medan City Community Health Center

“…The crude prevalence rate slightly higher in males compared to females [6]. Research by Hapsari and Muhammad [7] in Tambaksari Subdistrict Surabaya showed that TB patients with DM are most likely found in males, as many as 23 people (60.5%). This is under WHO report [8] that more men suffered from TB globally.…”