The Associations Between 40 Hz-EEG and the Middle Latency Response of the Auditory Evoked Potential

Başar, Erol; Rosen, Burke Q.; Başar-Eroğlu, Canan; Greitschus, F.

doi:10.3109/00207458708985933

Cited by 177 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As previously mentioned in the first part of our study (Azzena et al, 1995), two main hypotheses have been proposed. According to the first, the 40 Hz-SSR reflects a more general property of the sensory systems (Basar et al, 1979a;Basar et al, 1979b;Bressler and Freeman, 1980;Basar et al, 1987), behaving like neural resonators tuned to a frequency of 40 Hz (Galambos, 1982). However, the second hypothesis which states that the 40 Hz response results from the linear addition of transient middle latency responses (MLRs) elicited by individual stimuli (Galambos et al, 1981) has gained wider acceptance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of human auditory steady-state responses (SSRs). II: Addition of responses to individual stimuli

Santarelli¹,

Maurizi

Conti

et al. 1995

Hearing Research

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In order to investigate the generation of the 40 Hz steady-state response (SSR), auditory potentials evoked by clicks were recorded in 16 healthy subjects in two stimulating conditions. Firstly, repetition rates of 7.9 and 40 Hz were used to obtain individual middle latency responses (MLRs) and 40 Hz-SSRs, respectively. In the second condition, eight click trains were presented at a 40 Hz repetition rate and an inter-train interval of 126 ms. We extracted from the whole train response: (1) the response-segment taking place after the last click of the train (last click response, LCR), (2) a modified LCR (mLCR) obtained by clearing the LCR from the amplitude enhancement due to the overlapping of the responses to the clicks preceding the last within the stimulus train.In comparison to MLRs, the most relevant feature of the evoked activity following the last click of the train (LCRs, mLCRs) was the appearance in the 50-110 ms latency range of one (in 11 subjects) or two (in 2 subjects) additional positive-negative deflections having the same periodicity as that of MLR waves.The grand average (GA) of the 40 Hz-SSRs was compared with three predictions synthesized by superimposing: (1) the GA of MLRs, (2) the GA of LCRs, (3) the GA of mLCRs. Both the MLR and mLCR predictions reproduced the recorded signal in amplitude while the LCR prediction amplitude resulted almost twice that of the 40 Hz-SSR. With regard to the phase, the MLR, LCR and mLCR closely predicted the recorded signal.Our findings confirm the effectiveness of the linear addition mechanism in the generation of the 40 Hz-SSR. However the responses to individual stimuli within the 40 Hz-SSR differ from MLRs because of additional periodic activity. These results suggest that phenomena related to the resonant frequency of the activated system may play a role in the mechanisms which interact to generate the 40 Hz-SSR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of human auditory steady-state responses (SSRs). II: Addition of responses to individual stimuli

Santarelli¹,

Maurizi

Conti

et al. 1995

Hearing Research

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“…This activity is nicely captured with a 24-48-Hz filter. Data in this frequency range have been called the gamma band responsẽ Pantev et al, 1993; see also Basar, Rosen, Basar-Eroglu, & Greitschus, 1987!. It appears the 1-20-and 24-48-Hz frequency ranges describe most, if not all, of the evoked response information.…”

Section: Other Auditory-evoked Responses Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, some researchers have examined the consistency of auditory-evoked responses across trials~e.g., Basar et al, 1987;Freedman et al, 1996;Ioannides et al, 1995;Jin et al, 1997;Makeig & Jung, 1996 . Canonical variate~combination of MGBR and M100!…”

Section: Conclusion Regarding Auditory-evoked Response Suppression Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychophysiological measures of (dis)inhibition as liability indicators for schizophrenia

Clementz¹

1998

Psychophysiol.

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Two psychophysiological measures, poor suppression of midlatency auditory-evoked responses in a paired stimulus paradigm and ocular motor abnormalities, may index genetic liability for schizophrenia. An important feature of these measures is that both patients and their nonpsychotic relatives exhibit basically the same performance. These measures may be successful endophenotypes for schizophrenia because they assess poor response inhibition associated with dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex circuitry. Data bearing on this hypothesis are reviewed, and it is posited that assessment of the auditory-evoked gamma band response and saccade measures of inhibitory abilities are the most valid behavioral measures of schizophrenia's neuropathological correlates. The extant data suggest that psychophysiological studies of schizophrenia can provide consistent and theoretically meaningful information for localizing neuropathology and for assessing the genetics of this complex disorder.

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“…Stimulus-evoked gamma oscillations are contained in the averaged evoked potential and can be extracted by band-pass filtering (14). Such short-latency gamma-band oscillations have been found in the auditory potential within 100 ms from stimulus onset (16)(17)(18)(19). In contrast, stimulus-induced gamma oscillations disappear in the average evoked potential because of the jitter in latency from one trial to the next.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma and beta frequency oscillations in response to novel auditory stimuli: A comparison of human electroencephalogram (EEG) data with in vitro models

Haenschel

Baldeweg²,

Croft³

et al. 2000

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

331

204

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Investigations using hippocampal slices maintained in vitro have demonstrated that bursts of oscillatory field potentials in the gamma frequency range (30 -80 Hz) are followed by a slower oscillation in the beta 1 range (12-20 Hz). In this study, we demonstrate that a comparable gamma-to-beta transition is seen in the human electroencephalogram (EEG) in response to novel auditory stimuli. Correlations between gamma and beta 1 activity revealed a high degree of interdependence of synchronized oscillations in these bands in the human EEG. Evoked (stimulus-locked) gamma oscillations preceded beta 1 oscillations in response to novel stimuli, suggesting that this may be analogous to the gamma-to-beta shift observed in vitro. Beta 1 oscillations were the earliest discriminatory responses to show enhancement to novel stimuli, preceding changes in the broad-band event-related potential (mismatch negativity). Later peaks of induced beta activity over the parietal cortex were always accompanied by an underlying gamma frequency oscillation as seen in vitro. A further analogy between in vitro and human recordings was that both gamma and beta oscillations habituated markedly after the initial novel stimulus presentation.

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The Associations Between 40 Hz-EEG and the Middle Latency Response of the Auditory Evoked Potential

Cited by 177 publications

References 22 publications

Generation of human auditory steady-state responses (SSRs). II: Addition of responses to individual stimuli

Generation of human auditory steady-state responses (SSRs). II: Addition of responses to individual stimuli

Psychophysiological measures of (dis)inhibition as liability indicators for schizophrenia

Gamma and beta frequency oscillations in response to novel auditory stimuli: A comparison of human electroencephalogram (EEG) data with in vitro models

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