The asymmetric membrane structure of erythrocytes from Crucian carp studied by atomic force microscopy

Tian, Ye; Cai, Mingjun; Zhao, Weidong; Wang, Shaowen; Qin, Qi; Wang, Hong-Da

doi:10.1007/s11434-014-0375-6

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…1A , the intact turtle erythrocytes are biconvex oval discs with elliptical nuclei bulging in the central regions (black dashed circle) and a marginal band of microtubules along the periphery ( Coiro et al, 1978 ; Euteneuer et al, 1985 ). Relative to our previous results for human, birds, and fish erythrocytes ( Tian et al, 2014a ; 2014b ), the turtle erythrocytes are the largest we have observed, with an average length of 27.5 ± 4.5 μm, and an average width of 15.2 ± 1.5 μm. The average nucleus has a length of 8.0 ± 3.1 μm and a width of 4.8 ± 1.2 μm.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 96%

“…The primary differences among them are cell dimensions, which decreases from turtle, fish to chicken. Turtle erythrocytes are only slightly larger than those of the Crucian carp ( Tian et al, 2014a ). The difference in erythrocyte size is consistent with previous reports on erythrocyte measurements in fishes, reptiles, birds and mammals ( Hartman and Lessler, 1964 ; Snyder and Sheafor, 1999 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“… S m , size of the erythrocyte; T m , thickness of the membrane; R m , the average roughness of the membrane; P a , percentage of exposed amino groups in the membrane; T l , thickness of the lipid bilayer; a data from Tian et al (2014a) ; b data from Tian et al (2014b) ; c data from Wang et al (2010) …”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic Force Microscopy of Asymmetric Membranes from Turtle Erythrocytes

Tian

Cai

et al. 2014

Molecules and Cells

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The cell membrane provides critical cellular functions that rely on its elaborate structure and organization. The structure of turtle membranes is an important part of an ongoing study of erythrocyte membranes. Using a combination of atomic force microscopy and single-molecule force spectroscopy, we characterized the turtle erythrocyte membrane structure with molecular resolution in a quasi-native state. High-resolution images both leaflets of turtle erythrocyte membranes revealed a smooth outer membrane leaflet and a protein covered inner membrane leaflet. This asymmetry was verified by single-molecule force spectroscopy, which detects numerous exposed amino groups of membrane proteins in the inner membrane leaflet but much fewer in the outer leaflet. The asymmetric membrane structure of turtle erythrocytes is consistent with the semi-mosaic model of human, chicken and fish erythrocyte membrane structure, making the semi-mosaic model more widely applicable. From the perspective of biological evolution, this result may support the universality of the semi-mosaic model.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

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Atomic Force Microscopy of Asymmetric Membranes from Turtle Erythrocytes

Tian

Cai

et al. 2014

Molecules and Cells

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“…19h). The relationship between the protein layer and the lipid bilayer was further confirmed by digestion with a Red blood cells (nm) 92,[133][134][135] Nucleated cell membranes 94 Golgi membranes 140 Mitochondrial membranes 141…”

Section: Examination Of Functional Microdomains In Cell Membranesmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…87 To clarify whether the asymmetric structure of red blood cells is a common structure, Wang et al also studied other red blood cell membranes in an evolutionary order from lower vertebrates (fish), reptiles (turtle) to birds (chicken), and the researchers determined that the features of these membranes are very similar to human red blood cell membranes, with the exception of the size and nuclei (Table 2). [133][134][135] 4.4 Examination of nucleated mammalian cell membranes by AFM 4.4.1 The cytoplasmic membrane of nucleated mammalian cells. Similar to the situation in red blood cell membranes, many membrane proteins are exposed on the cytoplasmic side of nucleated mammalian cell membranes.…”

Section: Examination Of Functional Microdomains In Cell Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structure and function of cell membranes examined by atomic force microscopy and single-molecule force spectroscopy

2015

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The cell membrane is one of the most complicated biological complexes, and long-term fierce debates regarding the cell membrane persist because of technical hurdles. With the rapid development of nanotechnology and single-molecule techniques, our understanding of cell membranes has substantially increased. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has provided several unprecedented advances (e.g., high resolution, three-dimensional and in situ measurements) in the study of cell membranes and has been used to systematically dissect the membrane structure in situ from both sides of membranes; as a result, novel models of cell membranes have recently been proposed. This review summarizes the new progress regarding membrane structure using in situ AFM and single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), which may shed light on the study of the structure and functions of cell membranes.

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The Structural Characteristics of Cell Membrane Defined by Atomic Force Microscopy

Cai¹,

Shi²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Technological progress has played an irreplaceable role in the establishment and development of cell biology. Without the invention of the microscope, there would be no cell theory. Similarly, the achievements in cell biology to date would not have been possible without the development of electron microscopy (EM) and its integration with molecular biology. The application of many new techniques and methodological breakthroughs have directly led to important advances and the formation of new concepts in cell biology. Although EM can image biological samples at the near‐nanometer resolution, morphological changes resulting from sample processing remain a major concern. The development of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has further extended perceptions of the cellular world to the nanometer level of resolution. Among SPM techniques, atomic force microscopy (AFM) helps to overcome the limitations of optical and EM, making it possible to determine the three‐dimensional (3D) structure of cell membranes. The advantages of AFM – such as simple sample preparation, no special treatment, and the near‐physiological conditions of the imaging environment – can maintain the original shape of biological samples. The unique ability of AFM to determine the 3D structure and function of cell membranes provides a new perspective for understanding the entire character of cell membranes at a nanoscale to a sub‐nanoscale resolution and in realtime, which has contributed to the birth of the field of biomembranomics. This article will discuss the use of AFM for the imaging analysis of cell membrane structure and function, the combination of AFM with super‐resolution techniques, and the progress made in these analytical methods.

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The asymmetric membrane structure of erythrocytes from Crucian carp studied by atomic force microscopy

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Atomic Force Microscopy of Asymmetric Membranes from Turtle Erythrocytes

Atomic Force Microscopy of Asymmetric Membranes from Turtle Erythrocytes

The structure and function of cell membranes examined by atomic force microscopy and single-molecule force spectroscopy

The Structural Characteristics of Cell Membrane Defined by Atomic Force Microscopy

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